International Journal of Nanomedicine (Jul 2022)

A Novel Calcium Phosphate–Based Nanocomposite for Augmentation of Cortical Bone Trajectory Screw Fixation

  • Wang Y,
  • Liu C,
  • Liu H,
  • Fu H,
  • Li C,
  • Yang L,
  • Sun H

Journal volume & issue
Vol. Volume 17
pp. 3059 – 3071

Abstract

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Yuetian Wang,1,* Chun Liu,2,* Huiling Liu,3 Haoyong Fu,1 Chunde Li,1 Lei Yang,3,4 Haolin Sun1 1Department of Orthopedics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 2Medical Research Centre, Changzhou Second People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China; 3Institute of Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedics, Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China; 4Center for Health Sciences and Engineering (CHSE), School of Health Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Lei Yang; Haolin Sun, Tel +86 13681146156, Email [email protected]; [email protected]: To evaluate the effect of cement augmentation of cortical bone trajectory (CBT) screws using a novel calcium phosphate–based nanocomposite (CPN).Material and Methods: CBT screws were placed into cadaveric lumbar vertebrae. Depending on the material used for augmentation, they were divided into the following three groups: CPN, polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), and control. Radiological imaging was used to evaluate the cement dispersion. Biomechanical tests were conducted to measure the stability of CBT screws. A rat cranial defect model was used to evaluate biodegradation and osseointegration of the CPN.Results: After cement augmentation, the CPN tended to disperse into the distal part of the screws, whereas PMMA remained limited to the proximal part of the screws (P 0.05). The axial pullout test showed that the average maximal pullout force (Fmax) of CPN-augmented CBT screws was similar to that of the PMMA group (CPN, 1639.56 ± 358.21 N vs PMMA, 1778.45 ± 399.83 N; P = 0.745) and was significantly greater than that of the control group (1019.01 ± 371.98 N; P 0.05). The CPN could be biodegraded and gradually replaced by newly formed bone tissue after 12 weeks in a rat cranial defect model.Conclusion: The biocompatible CPN could be a valuable augmentation material to enhance CBT screw stability.Keywords: cement augmentation, CBT screws, osteoporotic spine, PMMA, CPN

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