Tuberculosis among health care workers treated at a university hospital in Bogotá D.C., Colombia. 2008-2018

Abstract

Introduction: Worldwide, three people die of tuberculosis (TB) every minute. The risk of TB transmission among healthcare workers is up to 40 times higher than in the general population. Nevertheless, in Colombia, little importance has been given to this situation. Objective: To describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of healthcare workers with TB treated in a university hospital from Bogotá D.C. (Colombia), as well as their laboratory, histologic, and imaging findings, and the main criteria for their TB diagnosis. Materials and methods: Case series study. The medical records of 24 healthcare workers with TB who were treated in a quaternary care university hospital in Bogotá D.C. between January 2008 and December 2018 were reviewed. Sociodemographic and clinical data, as well as imaging and laboratory findings data, were collected. Results: There was no predominant sex (50% women and 50% men). The median age was 33.5 years (IQR: 24-52.7). Pulmonary TB was the most frequent form of TB (62.50%); in addition, acid-fast bacillus sputum stain was positive in 2 patients (8.33%). The histopathology report was useful for diagnosing TB in 66.66% of cases, and mycobacterial culture was positive in 75% of patients. Most of them were physicians (41.66%) and medical students (16.66%). Conclusions: A high proportion of women was found in the study population (1:1 ratio), and the histopathology report was useful for reaching a rapid TB diagnosis in most cases. In addition, physicians and medical students were the healthcare workers most affected by TB. In this sense, health institutions in the country should pay greater attention to biosafety measures among these workers; also, occupational epidemiological surveillance programs enhancing TB-transmission control are necessary.

Keywords

• Tuberculosis
• Infectious Disease Transmission
• Health Personnel
• Colombia