STAR Protocols (Jun 2020)
Accelerated Development of Rod Photoreceptors in Retinal Organoids Derived from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells by Supplementation with 9-cis Retinal
Abstract
Summary: Human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) can be differentiated into retinal organoids with proper neural layer organization, yet the protocols are technically challenging and time consuming. We have modified a widely used differentiation protocol by switching all-trans retinoic acid with 9-cis retinal to accelerate photoreceptor differentiation and improve morphogenesis. In this report, we provide a detailed and improved protocol to generate retinal organoids from human pluripotent stem cells.For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Kaya et al. (2019).