Золотоордынское обозрение (Jul 2014)
Emirs of Uzbek Khan and Janibek Khan
Abstract
This article explores the question about the origin of the Golden Horde emirs’ dynasties during the reign of Uzbek and Janibek khan. Based on numerous Venetian, Arabic, Turkish, Persian primary sources the author provides his own version of origin and genealogical relationships of various emirs. Based on a list of emirs of Janibek khan from «Daftar-i Chingiz-name», the author traces the origins of Mogul-buga to Kipchak tribe and the origins of Kutlu buga to Naiman tribe. Author argues that during the reign of Uzbek khan, the Kungirat and Kiyat were the most influential clans. The Kipchak and Nayman were the most influential clans during the reign of Janibek khan. The author considers three-level hierarchy of emirs. The first level includes the emirs – clan rulers in every district (ulus). There were 4 tribes in each ulus. The second level includes the emirs who were the rulers of ulus. After the administrative reform of Uzbek khan, they replaced the Jochids in the political system of the Golden Horde. If formerly the governance of ulus was inherited by one of the Jochids, then during the reign of Uzbek khan emirs were appointed directly from the center. The third level includes four Karachi Beys who were advisers of the khan. The author also examines the origin of Nanguday from Kungirat clan. The author puts forward his own version of a genealogy of Nanguday. Additionally, this article contains the author’s assumptions about biography of Isatay Kiyat and Isa Uysun. According to these assumptions, Isatay Kiyat can be identified with well-known Gourgen Isa. And Isa Uysun, in turn, can be identified with the brother of Tuluk Timur, who was a governor of the Crimea in the era of Uzbek khan.
