Iatreia (Jun 2008)
Prevalence of sleep disorders in school children from Sabaneta, Colombia 2005 Prevalencia de los trastornos del sueño en niños escolares de Sabaneta, Colombia, 2005
Abstract
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:HyphenationZone>21</w:HyphenationZone> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> </w:Compatibility> <w:BrowserLevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel> </w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" LatentStyleCount="156"> </w:LatentStyles> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if !mso]><object classid="clsid:38481807-CA0E-42D2-BF39-B33AF135CC4D" id=ieooui></object> <style> st1:*{behavior:url(#ieooui) } </style> <![endif]--> <!-- /* Style Definitions */ p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal {mso-style-parent:""; margin:0cm; margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";} @page Section1 {size:595.3pt 841.9pt; margin:70.85pt 3.0cm 70.85pt 3.0cm; mso-header-margin:35.4pt; mso-footer-margin:35.4pt; mso-paper-source:0;} div.Section1 {page:Section1;} --> <!--[if gte mso 10]> <style> /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabla normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:#0400; mso-fareast-language:#0400; mso-bidi-language:#0400;} </style> <![endif]--> <p style="text-align: justify" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial">Sleep is one of the basic needs in a child’s life and it is essential for day time alert state. Any sleep disturbance has a negative impact on the child’s development, his/her own well-being and that of the family. Sleep disorders are common in childhood. The American Academy of Pediatrics showed in 2001 a prevalence of 20-30%. In Colombia these disorders have not been well investigated.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial">Objective: to find out the prevalence of sleep disorders in schoolchildren of Sabaneta, Colombia, as well as their medical histories and sociodemographic characteristics. Methods: an observational, descriptive, randomized, cross sectional study was carried out, based on the results of 296 questionnaires answered by parents. DSM-IV criteria for the classification of sleep disorders were included in the questionnaire. Results: prevalence of the various disorders was as follows: snoring 39.2%; sleep talking disorder 35.1%; bruxism 33.1%; obstructive sleep apnea 16.9%; cosleeping 16.9%; insomnia 14.9%; nightmares 12.8%; enuresis 9.5%; sleep walking disorder 7.4%; night awakenings 7.4%; night terrors 6.1%; fear to fall asleep 4.1%. Enuresis was significantly more frequent in males (CI: 0.14-0.96), night awakenings in children from higher socioeconomic strata (CI: 0.19-0.97), and nightmares in those older than 9 years (CI: 0.24-0.91). Conclusion: sleep disorders are frequent in the studied group; their prevalence is similar to that reported from other countries. These results should motivate parents and pediatricians in order to make early diagnosis and, therefore, to avoid long-term complications.</span></p> <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:HyphenationZone>21</w:HyphenationZone> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> </w:Compatibility> <w:BrowserLevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel> </w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" LatentStyleCount="156"> </w:LatentStyles> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if !mso]><object classid="clsid:38481807-CA0E-42D2-BF39-B33AF135CC4D" id=ieooui></object> <style> st1:*{behavior:url(#ieooui) } </style> <![endif]--> <!-- /* Style Definitions */ p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal {mso-style-parent:""; margin:0cm; margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";} @page Section1 {size:595.3pt 841.9pt; margin:70.85pt 3.0cm 70.85pt 3.0cm; mso-header-margin:35.4pt; mso-footer-margin:35.4pt; mso-paper-source:0;} div.Section1 {page:Section1;} --> <!--[if gte mso 10]> <style> /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabla normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:#0400; mso-fareast-language:#0400; mso-bidi-language:#0400;} </style> <![endif]--> <p style="text-align: justify" class="MsoNormal"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:HyphenationZone>21</w:HyphenationZone> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> </w:Compatibility> <w:BrowserLevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel> </w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" LatentStyleCount="156"> </w:LatentStyles> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if !mso]><object classid="clsid:38481807-CA0E-42D2-BF39-B33AF135CC4D" id=ieooui></object> <style> st1:*{behavior:url(#ieooui) } </style> <![endif]--> <!-- /* Style Definitions */ p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal {mso-style-parent:""; 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margin:0cm; margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";} @page Section1 {size:595.3pt 841.9pt; margin:70.85pt 3.0cm 70.85pt 3.0cm; mso-header-margin:35.4pt; mso-footer-margin:35.4pt; mso-paper-source:0;} div.Section1 {page:Section1;} --> <!--[if gte mso 10]> <style> /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabla normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:#0400; mso-fareast-language:#0400; mso-bidi-language:#0400;} </style> <![endif]--> <p style="text-align: justify" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial">El sueño es una de las funciones básicas en la vida del niño y condición esencial para el estado de alerta diurno, por tanto su alteración influye negativamente sobre su desarrollo y el bienestar de la familia. Los trastornos del sueño son muy comunes durante la niñez, la Academia Americana de Pediatría en 2001 informó una tasa global de 20% a 30%. Sin embargo, en Colombia han sido escasamente estudiados.<strong> Objetivo</strong>: establecer la prevalencia de trastornos del sueño en niños escolares del municipio de Sabaneta, los antecedentes familiares y las características sociodemográficas asociadas. <strong>Métodos:</strong> se realizó un estudio de observación descriptivo, aleatorizado y de corte transversal donde se analizaron los resultados obtenidos de 296 cuestionarios diligenciados por los padres de niños pertenecientes a colegios de las áreas urbana y rural del municipio. Dicho cuestionario contenía criterios clínicos para la clasificación de los trastornos del sueño según el DSM-IV. <strong>Resultados:</strong> la prevalencia de los diferentes trastornos del sueño fue como sigue: ronquido 39,2%; somniloquia 35,1%; bruxismo 33,1%; apnea obstructiva del sueño 16,9; colecho 16,9%; insomnio 14,9%; pesadillas 12,8%; enuresis 9,5%; sonambulismo 7,4%; despertares nocturnos 7,4%; terrores nocturnos 6,1%; resistencia/miedo a dormir 4,1%. Los despertares nocturnos fueron significativamente más frecuentes en niños de estratos socioeconómicos altos (IC: 0,19-0,97); la enuresis lo fue en varones (IC: 0,14-0,96) y las pesadillas lo fueron en niños mayores de 9 años (IC: 0,24-0,91). Conclusión: la prevalencia de trastornos del sueño en la población escolar del municipio de Sabaneta es alta y similar a la reportada en otros países. Estos resultados deben incentivar a los padres de familia y pediatras a estar alerta para poder hacer un diagnóstico precoz, que evite complicaciones a largo plazo de un trastorno de sueño no tratado.</span></p> .
