Anti-Inflammatory and Chondroprotective Effects Induced by Phenolic Compounds from Onion Waste Extracts in ATDC-5 Chondrogenic Cell Line
Mónica Paesa,
Carmen Ancín-Azpilicueta,
Gustavo Velderrain-Rodríguez,
Olga Martin-Belloso,
Oreste Gualillo,
Jesús Osada,
Maria Jesús Rodríguez-Yoldi,
Gracia Mendoza
Affiliations
Mónica Paesa
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Zaragoza, Campus Río Ebro-Edificio I+D, C/ Poeta Mariano Esquillor S/N, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
Carmen Ancín-Azpilicueta
Department of Sciences, Institute for Advanced Materials (INAMAT2), Navarra Public University, Campus Arrosadía s/n, 31006 Pamplona, Spain
Gustavo Velderrain-Rodríguez
Alianza Latinoamericana De Nutricion Responsable, Inc., 400 E Randolph St Suite 2305, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
Olga Martin-Belloso
Department of Food Technology, University of Lleida—Agrotecnio Center, Av. Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
Oreste Gualillo
SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela), NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Research Laboratory 9, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
Jesús Osada
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Veterinary Faculty, Health Research Institute of Aragon-University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
Maria Jesús Rodríguez-Yoldi
CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
Gracia Mendoza
Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Forensic and Legal Medicine, Veterinary Faculty, Health Research Institute of Aragon-University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
Osteoarthritis is a prevalent degenerative condition that is closely related to the destruction and inflammation of cartilage. The high prevalence of this pathology exhorts researchers to search for novel therapeutic approaches. Vegetable–fruit wastes have emerged as a promising origin of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant compounds that, in some cases, may also exert chondroprotective effects. This study aims to decipher the potential of onion waste products in the inhibition of molecular events involved in osteoarthritis. Onion extracts showed a high content of phenolic compounds and antioxidant properties. Cytocompatibility was demonstrated in the chondrogenic cell line ATDC-5, exerting viability percentages higher than 90% and a slight increase in the S phase cycle cell. The induction of inflammation mediated by the lipopolysaccharide and onion extracts’ treatment substantially inhibited molecular markers related to inflammation and cartilage degradation, highlighting the promising application of onion extracts in biomedical approaches. The in silico analyses suggested that the results could be attributed to protocatechuic, ellagic, and vanillic acids’ greater cell membrane permeability. Our work provides distinctive information about the possible application of waste onion extracts as functional components with anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective characteristics in osteoarthritis.
