Design of a Tri-Band Wearable Antenna for Millimeter-Wave 5G Applications
Sarosh Ahmad,
Hichem Boubakar,
Salman Naseer,
Mohammad Ehsanul Alim,
Yawar Ali Sheikh,
Adnan Ghaffar,
Ahmed Jamal Abdullah Al-Gburi,
Naser Ojaroudi Parchin
Affiliations
Sarosh Ahmad
Department of Signal Theory and Communications, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (UC3M), Leganes, 28911 Madrid, Spain
Hichem Boubakar
Department of Information Processing and Telecommunications Laboratory (LTIT), Faculty of Technology, University of Bechar, Bechar 08000, Algeria
Salman Naseer
Department of Information Technology, University of the Punjab Gujranwala Campus, Gujranwala 52250, Pakistan
Mohammad Ehsanul Alim
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
Yawar Ali Sheikh
Department of Electrical Engineering and Technology, Government College University Faisalabad (GCUF), Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
Adnan Ghaffar
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
Ahmed Jamal Abdullah Al-Gburi
Department of Electronics and Computer Engineering (FKEKK), Center for Telecommunication Research and Innovation (CeTRI), Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM), Durian Tungal 76100, Malaysia
Naser Ojaroudi Parchin
School of Engineering and the Built Environment, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh EH10 5DT, UK
A printed monopole antenna for millimeter-wave applications in the 5G frequency region is described in this research. As a result, the proposed antenna resonates in three frequency bands that are designated for 5G communication systems, including 28 GHz, 38 GHz, and 60 GHz (V band). For the sake of compactness, the coplanar waveguide (CPW) method is used. The overall size of the proposed tri-band antenna is 4 mm × 3 mm × 0.25 mm. Using a watch strap and human tissue, such as skin, the proposed antenna gives steady results. At 28 GHz, 38 GHz, and 60 GHz, the antenna’s gain is found to be 5.29 dB, 7.47 dB, and 9 dB, respectively. The overall simulated radiation efficiency is found to be 85% over the watch strap. Wearable devices are a great fit for the proposed tri-band antenna. The antenna prototype was built and tested in order to verify its performance. It can be observed that the simulated and measured results are in close contact. According to our comparative research, the proposed antenna is a good choice for smart 5G devices because of its small size and simple structure, as well as its high gain and radiation efficiency.
