Population Genetic Analysis of a Bread Wheat Panel from Northern and Huang-Huai Agro-Ecological Regions in China
Xiaojie Jin,
Huimin Gao,
Qian Liu,
Yun Zhao,
Wenchuang He,
Guijuan Wang,
Yu Zhou,
Zheng Song,
Xiaobin Zhao,
Xifeng Ren,
Yanchun Peng,
Yingjun Zhang
Affiliations
Xiaojie Jin
Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
Huimin Gao
Institute of Cash Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
Qian Liu
Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding of Hebei, Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
Yun Zhao
Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding of Hebei, Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
Wenchuang He
Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518000, China
Guijuan Wang
Hubei Provincial Seed Administration Bureau, Wuhan 430070, China
Yu Zhou
College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
Zheng Song
Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
Xiaobin Zhao
Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
Xifeng Ren
Hubei Provincial Seed Administration Bureau, Wuhan 430070, China
Yanchun Peng
Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China
Yingjun Zhang
Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding of Hebei, Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most extensively cultivated cereal crops around the world. Here, we investigated the population structure and genetic diversity of a panel mainly originated from two wheat agro-ecological regions (northern winter wheat region, NW; and the Huang-Huai River Valley’s facultative wheat region, HH) in China based on a 15K SNP array. Population genetic analysis revealed that the optimal population number (K) was three, and the three groups were roughly related to ecological regions, including NW (mainly Hebei), HH1 (Henan-Shaanxi), and HH2 (Shandong). Within HH, HH1 had a higher nucleotide diversity (π = 0.31167), minor allele frequency (MAF = 0.2663), polymorphism information content (PIC = 0.2668), and expected heterozygosity (Hexp = 0.3346) than HH2. Furthermore, our results demonstrated that genetic diversity decreases with the advancement of wheat breeding. Finally, inference of ancestry informative markers indicated that the genomes of the three pure groups from the three provinces (Hebei, Henan, and Shandong) of the two regions have genomic regions with different mosaic patterns derived from the two landrace groups. These findings may facilitate the development of wheat breeding strategies to target novel desired alleles in the future.
