Genotyping and phylogeographic dynamics of coxsackievirus A16
Xia-Nan Chu,
Pir Tariq Shah,
Zi-Hui Ma,
Yan Wang,
Li Xing
Affiliations
Xia-Nan Chu
Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi province, China
Pir Tariq Shah
Faculty of Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, No.2 Linggong Road, Dalian, 116024, Liaoning province, China; Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Yantai, 264000, Shandong province, China
Zi-Hui Ma
Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi province, China
Yan Wang
Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, 92 Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi province, China
Coxsackievirus A16 (CV-A16) is one of the major pathogens of Hand, Foot and Mouth disease. Here, we analyzed 287 full-length genome sequences of CV-A16 found worldwide from 1994 to 2019 to see the genomic evolution characteristics. Full-length genome-based phylogenetic tree divided the viruses into five different genotypes, G-a to G-e. The CV-A16 strains circulating in China dominate G-a and G-c, but can also be found in other genotypes including G-b and G-e. Phylogeographic analysis showed a high diversity of CV-A16 distribution. In addition, recombination was shown to drive the genomic evolution of CV-A16 during past decades. However, the structural proteins still remain relative conserved while there is extensive genomic recombination. This study updates the phylogenetic and phylogeographic information of CV-A16 and provides insights into the genetic characteristics of CV-A16.
