Factors associated with delaying and forgoing care due to cost among long-term, Appalachian cancer survivors in rural North Carolina

Abstract

Background Little research exists on delayed and forgone health and mental health care due to cost among rural cancer survivors.Methods We surveyed survivors in 7 primarily rural, Appalachian counties February to May 2020. Univariable analyses examined the distribution and prevalence of delayed/forgone care due to cost in the past year by independent variables. Chi-square or Fisher’s tests examined bivariable differences. Logistic regressions assessed the odds of delayed/forgone care due to cost.Results Respondents (n = 428), aged 68.6 years on average (SD: 12.0), were 96.3% non-Hispanic white and 49.8% female; 25.0% reported delayed/forgone care due to cost. The response rate was 18.5%. The proportion of delayed/forgone care for those aged 18–64 years was 46.7% and 15.0% for those aged 65 + years (P < 0.0001). Females aged 65 + years (OR: 2.00; CI: 1.02-3.93) had double the odds of delayed/forgone care due to cost compared to males aged 65 + years.Conclusion About one in four rural cancer survivors reported delayed/forgone care due to cost, with rates approaching 50% in survivors aged <65 years.Impact Clinical implications indicate the need to: 1) ask about the impact of care costs, and 2) provide supportive services to mitigate effects of treatment costs, particularly for younger and female survivors.

Keywords

• Financial hardship
• cancer survivorship
• rural
• cost of care
• Appalachian region