Molecular Epidemiology Reveals the Co-Circulation of Two Genotypes of Coxsackievirus B5 in China
Yun He,
Haiyan Wei,
Leilei Wei,
Huan Fan,
Dongmei Yan,
Hua Zhao,
Shuangli Zhu,
Tianjiao Ji,
Jinbo Xiao,
Huanhuan Lu,
Wenhui Wang,
Qin Guo,
Qian Yang,
Weijia Xing,
Yong Zhang
Affiliations
Yun He
National Polio Laboratory, WHO WPRO Regional Polio Reference Laboratory, National Health Commission Key Laboratory for Biosafety, National Health Commission Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
Haiyan Wei
Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou 450016, China
Leilei Wei
Jilin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jilin Institute of Public Health, Changchun 130062, China
Huan Fan
Jiangsu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, China
Dongmei Yan
National Polio Laboratory, WHO WPRO Regional Polio Reference Laboratory, National Health Commission Key Laboratory for Biosafety, National Health Commission Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
Hua Zhao
Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing 400042, China
Shuangli Zhu
National Polio Laboratory, WHO WPRO Regional Polio Reference Laboratory, National Health Commission Key Laboratory for Biosafety, National Health Commission Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
Tianjiao Ji
National Polio Laboratory, WHO WPRO Regional Polio Reference Laboratory, National Health Commission Key Laboratory for Biosafety, National Health Commission Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
Jinbo Xiao
National Polio Laboratory, WHO WPRO Regional Polio Reference Laboratory, National Health Commission Key Laboratory for Biosafety, National Health Commission Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
Huanhuan Lu
National Polio Laboratory, WHO WPRO Regional Polio Reference Laboratory, National Health Commission Key Laboratory for Biosafety, National Health Commission Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
Wenhui Wang
School of Public Health and Management, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 6699 Qindao Road, Jinan 250117, China
Qin Guo
National Polio Laboratory, WHO WPRO Regional Polio Reference Laboratory, National Health Commission Key Laboratory for Biosafety, National Health Commission Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
Qian Yang
National Polio Laboratory, WHO WPRO Regional Polio Reference Laboratory, National Health Commission Key Laboratory for Biosafety, National Health Commission Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
Weijia Xing
School of Public Health and Management, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 6699 Qindao Road, Jinan 250117, China
Yong Zhang
National Polio Laboratory, WHO WPRO Regional Polio Reference Laboratory, National Health Commission Key Laboratory for Biosafety, National Health Commission Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China
Coxsackievirus B5 (CVB5) is an important enterovirus B species (EV-Bs) type. We used the full-length genomic sequences of 53 viral sequences from the national hand, foot, and mouth disease surveillance network in the Chinese mainland (2001–2021). Among them, 69 entire VP1 coding region nucleotide sequences were used for CVB5 genotyping and genetic evolution analysis. Phylogenetic analysis based on a data set of 448 complete VP1 sequences showed that CVB5 could be divided into four genotypes (A-D) worldwide. Sequences from this study belonged to genotypes B and D, which dominated transmission in the Chinese mainland. Two transmission lineages of CVB5 have been discovered in the Chinese mainland, lineage 2 was predominant. Markov chain Monte Carlo analysis indicated that the tMRCA of CVB5 in the Chinese mainland could be traced to 1955, while the global trend could be traced to 1862, 93 years earlier than China. The evolution rate of CVB5 was higher in the Chinese mainland than worldwide. The spatiotemporal dynamics analysis of CVB5 assessed that virus transportation events were relatively active in Central, Northeast, North and Northwest China. Recombination analysis revealed frequent intertypic recombination in the non-structural region of CVB5 genotypes B and D with the other EV-Bs, revealing eight recombination lineages. Our study showed the molecular evolution and phylogeography of CVB5 that could provide valuable information for disease prevention.
