mSphere (Aug 2017)
Importance of Resolving Fungal Nomenclature: the Case of Multiple Pathogenic Species in the <italic toggle="yes">Cryptococcus</italic> Genus
- Ferry Hagen,
- H. Thorsten Lumbsch,
- Valentina Arsic Arsenijevic,
- Hamid Badali,
- Sebastien Bertout,
- R. Blake Billmyre,
- M. Rosa Bragulat,
- F. Javier Cabañes,
- Mauricio Carbia,
- Arunaloke Chakrabarti,
- Sudha Chaturvedi,
- Vishnu Chaturvedi,
- Min Chen,
- Anuradha Chowdhary,
- Maria-Francisca Colom,
- Oliver A. Cornely,
- Pedro W. Crous,
- Maria S. Cuétara,
- Mara R. Diaz,
- Ana Espinel-Ingroff,
- Hamed Fakhim,
- Rama Falk,
- Wenjie Fang,
- Patricia F. Herkert,
- Consuelo Ferrer Rodríguez,
- James A. Fraser,
- Josepa Gené,
- Josep Guarro,
- Alexander Idnurm,
- María-Teresa Illnait-Zaragozi,
- Ziauddin Khan,
- Kantarawee Khayhan,
- Anna Kolecka,
- Cletus P. Kurtzman,
- Katrien Lagrou,
- Wanqing Liao,
- Carlos Linares,
- Jacques F. Meis,
- Kirsten Nielsen,
- Tinashe K. Nyazika,
- Weihua Pan,
- Marina Pekmezovic,
- Itzhack Polacheck,
- Brunella Posteraro,
- Flavio de Queiroz Telles,
- Orazio Romeo,
- Manuel Sánchez,
- Ana Sampaio,
- Maurizio Sanguinetti,
- Pojana Sriburee,
- Takashi Sugita,
- Saad J. Taj-Aldeen,
- Masako Takashima,
- John W. Taylor,
- Bart Theelen,
- Rok Tomazin,
- Paul E. Verweij,
- Retno Wahyuningsih,
- Ping Wang,
- Teun Boekhout
Affiliations
- Ferry Hagen
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Canisius-Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- H. Thorsten Lumbsch
- Science & Education, The Field Museum, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Valentina Arsic Arsenijevic
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- Hamid Badali
- Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology/Invasive Fungi Research Center (IFRC), Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Sebastien Bertout
- Unité Mixte Internationale Recherches Translationnelles sur l’Infection à VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses, Laboratoire de Parasitologie et Mycologie Médicale, UFR Pharmacie, Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- R. Blake Billmyre
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- M. Rosa Bragulat
- Veterinary Mycology Group, Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
- F. Javier Cabañes
- Veterinary Mycology Group, Department of Animal Health and Anatomy, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
- Mauricio Carbia
- Departamento de Parasitología y Micología, Instituto de Higiene, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Arunaloke Chakrabarti
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
- Sudha Chaturvedi
- Mycology Laboratory, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA
- Vishnu Chaturvedi
- Mycology Laboratory, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA
- Min Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Medical Mycology, Shanghai Institute of Medical Mycology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Anuradha Chowdhary
- Department of Medical Mycology, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
- Maria-Francisca Colom
- Medical School, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain
- Oliver A. Cornely
- CECAD Cluster of Excellence, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Pedro W. Crous
- Phytopathology Research, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Maria S. Cuétara
- Department of Microbiology, Hospital Severo Ochoa, Madrid, Spain
- Mara R. Diaz
- University of Miami, NSF NIEHS Oceans and Human Health Center, Miami, Florida, USA
- Ana Espinel-Ingroff
- VCU Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia, USA
- Hamed Fakhim
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology/Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Rama Falk
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
- Wenjie Fang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Medical Mycology, Shanghai Institute of Medical Mycology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Patricia F. Herkert
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Canisius-Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Consuelo Ferrer Rodríguez
- Medical School, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain
- James A. Fraser
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, School of Chemistry & Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Josepa Gené
- Unitat de Micologia, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
- Josep Guarro
- Unitat de Micologia, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
- Alexander Idnurm
- School of BioSciences, BioSciences 2, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- María-Teresa Illnait-Zaragozi
- Department of Bacteriology and Mycology, Tropical Medicine Institute Pedro Kouri, Havana, Cuba
- Ziauddin Khan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
- Kantarawee Khayhan
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand
- Anna Kolecka
- Yeast Research, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Cletus P. Kurtzman
- Mycotoxin Prevention and Applied Microbiology Research Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, USDA-ARS, Peoria, Illinois, USA
- Katrien Lagrou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Wanqing Liao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Medical Mycology, Shanghai Institute of Medical Mycology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Carlos Linares
- Medical School, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain
- Jacques F. Meis
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Canisius-Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Kirsten Nielsen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- Tinashe K. Nyazika
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Health Sciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
- Weihua Pan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Medical Mycology, Shanghai Institute of Medical Mycology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Marina Pekmezovic
- Faculty of Medicine. University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- Itzhack Polacheck
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
- Brunella Posteraro
- Institute of Public Health (Section of Hygiene), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Rome, Italy
- Flavio de Queiroz Telles
- Department of Communitarian Health, Hospital de Clínicas, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil
- Orazio Romeo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
- Manuel Sánchez
- Medical School, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain
- Ana Sampaio
- Centro de Investigação e de Tecnologias Agro-ambientais e Biológicas (CITAB), Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta dos Prados, Vila Real, Portugal
- Maurizio Sanguinetti
- Institute of Microbiology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Rome, Italy
- Pojana Sriburee
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Takashi Sugita
- Department of Microbiology, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo, Japan
- Saad J. Taj-Aldeen
- Mycology Unit, Microbiology Division, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Masako Takashima
- Japan Collection of Microorganisms, RIKEN BioResource Center, Koyadai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- John W. Taylor
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
- Bart Theelen
- Yeast Research, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Rok Tomazin
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Paul E. Verweij
- Centre of Expertise in Mycology Radboudumc/CWZ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Retno Wahyuningsih
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Ping Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
- Teun Boekhout
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystems Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1128/mSphere.00238-17
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 2,
no. 4
Abstract
ABSTRACT Cryptococcosis is a major fungal disease caused by members of the Cryptococcus gattii and Cryptococcus neoformans species complexes. After more than 15 years of molecular genetic and phenotypic studies and much debate, a proposal for a taxonomic revision was made. The two varieties within C. neoformans were raised to species level, and the same was done for five genotypes within C. gattii. In a recent perspective (K. J. Kwon-Chung et al., mSphere 2:e00357-16, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1128/mSphere.00357-16 ), it was argued that this taxonomic proposal was premature and without consensus in the community. Although the authors of the perspective recognized the existence of genetic diversity, they preferred the use of the informal nomenclature “C. neoformans species complex” and “C. gattii species complex.” Here we highlight the advantage of recognizing these seven species, as ignoring these species will impede deciphering further biologically and clinically relevant differences between them, which may in turn delay future clinical advances.
Keywords
