Pulsatile <it>ex vivo </it>perfusion of human saphenous vein grafts under controlled pressure conditions increases MMP-2 expression

Abstract

Abstract Background The use of human saphenous vein grafts (HSVGs) as a bypass conduit is a standard procedure in the treatment of coronary artery disease while their early occlusion remains a major problem. Methods We have developed an ex vivo perfusion system, which uses standardized and strictly controlled hemodynamic parameters for the pulsatile and non-static perfusion of HSVGs to guarantee a reliable analysis of molecular parameters under different pressure conditions. Cell viability of HSVGs (n = 12) was determined by the metabolic conversion of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) into a purple formazan dye. Results Under physiological flow rates (10 mmHg) HSVGs remained viable for two weeks. Their exposure to arterial conditions (100 mmHg) was possible for one week without important reduction in viability. Baseline expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) after venous perfusion (2.2 ± 0.5, n = 5) was strongly up-regulated after exposure to arterial conditions for three days (19.8 ± 4.3) or five days (23.9 ± 6.1, p Conclusion Therefore, our system might be helpful to more precisely understand the molecular mechanisms leading to an early failure of HSVGs.

Keywords

• Atherosclerosis
• Bypass-Surgery
• MMP
• Perfusion
• Pulsatile flow
• vein graft