Modeling of Core-shell Catalytic Pellets of Inert Shell with Various Morphologies for Series Reactions

Abstract

Modeling of core-shell catalytic pellets with inert shell was performed assuming three different particle shapes such as sphere, cylinder, and slab. For isothermal irreversible first order reaction, A→B, analytical solutions of intra-particle concentration of reactant were derived by solving reaction-diffusion equations, considering thickness of catalytically active core (r2), when the pellets were immersed in infinitely large medium. Unlike conventional pellets or core-shell pellets with inert core, effectiveness factor (η) was affected by r2 as well as ratio of effective diffusivity in inert shell and active core (Υ), and η could be enhanced by increasing Υ. η increased in the order of sphere > cylinder > slab due to surface area per unit volume of medium, and η increased with increasing Biot number (Bi), because of decreased external film resistance. For series reaction, A→B→C, transient change of the concentration of starting reactant (CA) and intermittent product (CB) in bulk fluid of reactor could be predicted by solving material balance equations assuming pseudo-steady state approximation and equal value of Thiele modulus for both reactions in batch reactor and CSTR. When B is desirable product, CB increased by increasing Υ and decreasing r2. Similar to conventional pellets, CB in batch reactor decreased by increase of distribution coefficient of B on surface of pellet, KB, due to increased adsorption, and increased in the order of sphere < cylinder < slab, similar to conventional pellets. In CSTR, CB at steady state could be enhanced by decreasing amount of catalyst and Thiele modulus (Φ), implying that performance of reactor can be controlled by adjusting various reaction parameters. From numerical solutions of reaction diffusion equations for series reactions, the effect of r2 and Υ were also confirmed from transient value of CA and CB in exit stream calculated by finite element method.

Keywords

• Inert-shell catalyst
• Effectiveness factor
• Batch reactor
• CSTR
• Fixed bed