Advanced QuEChERS Method Using Core-Shell Magnetic Molecularly Imprinted Polymers (Fe₃O₄@MIP) for the Determination of Pesticides in Chlorophyll-Rich Samples

Abstract

Graphitized carbon black (GCB) in the traditional QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) method was used to remove the interfering substance chlorophyll in vegetable and fruit samples for pesticide residues determination. However, it not only adsorbs pigments, but also adsorbs some planar and aromatic pesticides. In order to solve the shortcoming, a core-shell magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer (Fe3O4@MIP) that can specifically recognize and adsorb chlorophyll was synthesized, and an advanced QuEChERS method with the Fe3O4@MIP as a purification material was developed. This advanced method presents detection that is highly sensitive, specific, and reproducible for planar and aromatic pesticides. The limits of detection (LOD) ranged from 0.001–0.002 mg kg−1, and the limit of quantification (LOQ) was 0.005 mg kg−1. The recovery for the planar and aromatic pesticides was within 70–110% with the associated relative standard deviations < 15% in leek samples by the advanced QuEChERS method. However, in the traditional QuEChERS method with GCB, the recovery of most planar and aromatic pesticides was <60%. It may also be useful for the determination of other pesticides in vegetable samples with quick and easy sample purification.

Keywords

• planar and aromatic pesticide residues
• chlorophyll
• QuEChERS
• Fe₃O₄@MIP