2014 ESC/ESA GUIDELINES ON NON-CARDIAC SURGERY: CARDIOVASCULAR ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT

Abstract

The Joint Task Force on non-cardiac surgery: cardiovascular assessment and management of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the European Society of Anaesthesiology (ESA)

Keywords

• guidelines
• non-cardiac surgery
• pre-operative cardiac risk assessment
• pre-operative cardiac testing
• pre-operative coronary artery revascularization
• perioperative cardiac management
• anti-thrombotic therapy
• beta-blockers
• valvular disease
• arrhythmias
• heart failure
• renal disease
• pulmonary disease
• cerebrovascular disease
• anaesthesiology
• post-operative cardiac surveillance