Interplay of serum hepcidin with female sex hormones, metabolic syndrome, and abdominal fat distribution among premenopausal and postmenopausal women

Abstract

Highlights • Postmenopausal state (PMS) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are independent factors of high hepcidin. • Estrogen and progesterone are correlated with hepcidin but not explain its higher level in PMS. • Ferritin, insulin resistance, and MetS are main contributors of high hepcidin in PMS. • High hepcidin in luteal phase is attributed to ferritin and abdominal subcutaneous fat • Hepcidin levels linearly increase with number of Mets feature and it had high sensitivity for diagnosis of MetS

Keywords

• Postmenopausal state
• Reproductive cycle phase
• Hepcidin
• Abdominal fat
• Metabolic resistance
• Female sex hormones