Problem niepodległościowych aspiracji Ukraińców w publicystyce polskich mesjanistów lat 30. XX wieku

Abstract

The problem of the Ukrainians’ independence aspirations in the Polish messianists’ journalism in 30s of XX century Most of the Polish interwar messianists was centered around Jerzy Braun and the journal „Zet” which was edited by him. One of the frequent topics raised by messianists was the independence aspirations of the Ukrainians. Braun and his colleagues didn’t deny Ukrainians’ rights to hold their own country, however, they insisted that they must refrain from undermining the borders of Second Polish Republic. In return, they offered help in winning independence for territories situated at the east side of Zbrucz River, while assuming that the only solution to release Ukraine from Soviet domination was by forcing it through war. They also deprived of hope those Ukrainian communities that were counting on German assistance in the implementation of the aspirations for independence, stressing that Germany treat Ukrainians instrumentally and will not allow to build a fully sovereign state. It was also emphasized that Germany, unlike the Poles, have no emotional ties with the Ukrainians, which could make them act in accordance with their interests. The cooperation didn’t finally take place due to hostility of the majority of the Ukrainian elite of the Polish country and the lack of strong communities who were ready to give up claims to ownership of Eastern Galicia. In addition, actions made by neighboring powerful countries, particularly Nazi Germany, made countries and nations of Central and Eastern Europe having to adapt to dynamically changing international situation. At the end of the 30s, opportunities for Poland to create a reality in this part of Europe became increasingly smaller.