10,000 urinary stones for 10 years of analysis: a retrospective study in western Switzerland

Abstract

Several studies have reported a worldwide increase in incidence and prevalence of nephrolithiasis, with some specificities across countries and regions. A retrospective review was performed on all urinary calculi submitted between 2009 and 2019 from a large part of the western Switzerland to our laboratory. A total of 10,437 stones were analysed and the presence of 18,804 compounds revealed. The median age of patients was 51 years and the global male-to-female ratio was 2.49:1. From 2009 to 2019, calcium oxalates containing calculi were the most frequent, followed by calcium phosphate and uric acids, the latter being more common in men, whereas carbapatite was the second most frequent component in women. Infection stone frequency remained unchanged and low, with a higher rate for women. Finally, while Randall’s plaque frequency was relatively small (7.4%), patients experiencing them were significantly younger. In this review, we identified an age and gender relationship of stone composition and Randall’s plaque formation in our Swiss region, which paves the way for future investigations.

Keywords

• Stone composition
• Nephrolithiasis
• Randall’s plaque
• Gender
• Age groups
• Switzerland