Рослинництво та ґрунтознавство (Nov 2021)
Effect of drip irrigation and the load of inflorescences on the growth and development of parent vines
Abstract
The high yield of grafted grape seedlings and their quality depend on many factors, including the quality of the grafting and rootstock components, which is also determined by proper care of the parent grafted and rootstock vines. Their agricultural techniques should be aimed at better growth and maturation of shoots. The technological technique of breaking off the shoots is mandatory on parent vines, partial removal of inflorescences is not so common in the agrotechnics of parent vines, but it has a positive effect on the overall development of plants. Parent plantings should be irrigated, if possible, since insufficient moisture supply adversely affects the condition of vines throughout the growing season and wintering. This paper investigated the effect of partial removal of inflorescences (inflorescence load of 100%, 75%, and 50% of their total number) on parent vines and the effect of different irrigation regimes (pre-irrigation soil water levels of 90%, 80%, and 70% of the minimum water content) on the state of parent vines were investigated, specifically on physiological, biochemical, and biometric indicators of plants. It was shown that irrigation of vines and reducing the load of inflorescences to 50% and 75% of their total number stimulated the accumulation of chlorophyll in the leaves of parent plants, improved the watering of leaf tissues, and contributed to an increase in the intensity of respiration during active growth and development of grapes. A positive effect of irrigation and a reduction in the load of vines with inflorescences up to 50% and 75% on the agrobiological indicators of parent vines was noted. The highest values of the total length of the shoots and the degree of their maturation were found in the vines of the variants with PSWL 90% MWRC 50% inflorescences, 80% MWRC 50% inflorescences, 70% MWRC 50% and 75% inflorescences. Therefore, effective irrigation regimes and reducing the load of vines with inflorescences contributed to the growth of medium and strong full-fledged shoots, which are more productive
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