Risk factors for diabetic retinopathy in young and middle-aged patients: a retrospective study

Abstract

Abstract Aims/Introduction To investigate the related risk factors of retinopathy in young and middle-aged diabetic patients in order to improve the prognosis of patients. Materials and Methods Using clinical practice data from a cohort study at our two research centers, we developed a bivariate logistic regression model to investigate the frightening risk factors potentially for retinopathy in young and middle-aged patients with diabetes, including diabetes type, physical activity level, treatment-related characteristics and laboratory tests. Results A total of 453 patients with diabetes were investigated, 197 (43.5%) developed retinopathy. The risk of retinopathy was closely related to place of residence (OR: 0.275, 95% CI: 0.093–0.814), education level (OR: 0.522, 95% CI: 0.363–0.749), medical payment method (OR: 2.152, 95% CI: 1.308–3.539), BMI (OR: 1.187, 95% CI: 1.091–1.291), disease course (OR: 1.072, 95% CI: 1.028–1.118), hyperlipidemia (OR: 2.547, 95% CI: 1.260–5.150), physical activity level (OR: 0.312, 95% CI: 0.220–0.443), and dietary compliance (OR 0.871, 95% CI: 0.806–0.940). The area under the receiver operator characteristic curve was 0.915. Goodness of fit (Hosmer–Lemeshow) was 0.658. Conclusions The risk of young and middle-aged patients with increased as a result of certain patient characteristics and complications, especially lower dietary compliance and physical activity level.

Keywords

• Retinopathy
• Diabetes
• Risk factors
• Prediction model