Analysis of the Migration Situation in Iran's Provinces with Emphasis on Social and Cultural Factors

Abstract

Factors influencing the formation or changes in population structure include fertility, mortality and migration at different spatial scales so that at each point in time the role and impact of each can be more and less. But today, migration plays a much more important role in population growth because in addition to having a direct impact on the population structure of a geographical area, it will also affect the distribution of labor. In addition, migration can be affected by social and cultural imbalances and, in turn, exacerbate these inequalities. The result of this interaction is a lack of proper distribution of population and, consequently, inequality in national investments, regional imbalances, differences in job opportunities and other social and cultural opportunities, which creates many problems.The purpose of this study is to extract and analyze the relationship between migration and social and cultural variables that exacerbate this phenomenon. These variables are grouped through exploratory factor analysis and social and cultural factors that aggravate migration are extracted, then the relationship between each of these factors and provincial migration is explained through multivariate regression analysis. The analyzes show that the net migration rate has the highest correlation with the collective and individual characteristics of development, income, welfare and social security, and the diversity of urban facilities and ethnicities, respectively. Examination of the impact of the following dimensions or social and cultural criteria also reveals the fact that all these components do not have equal effects on the rate of migration formed in the provinces of the country and their effects on the rate of migration have been different.

Keywords

• migration
• social and cultural dimensions
• exploratory factor analysis
• linear multivariate regression analysis
• 31 provinces of the iran