Partial nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma: Operative steps

Abstract

Open partial nephrectomy (PN) is the standard technique for organ-sparing resection of renal tumors. PN traditionally was done (if technically possible) in patients with renal cell carcinoma in a solitary kidney, if bilateral tumors are present, in chronic renal insufficiency or for patients with hereditary renal cell carcinoma. Today, indications for PN have considerably widened to include most renal masses that can be safely and completely removed independent of their size.

Keywords

• Partial nephrectomy
• renal cell carcinoma
• kidney sparing
• operative steps