Przysłowie jako jednostka języka (w perspektywie tekstologii integralnej)

Abstract

Proverb as a linguistic unit (from the perspective of integral text linguistics) The paper presents arguments in favour of treating proverbs as text, and in consequence, as linguistic units. The starting point is the concept of integral text linguistics formulated by Jerzy Bartmiński and Stanisława Niebrzegowska-Bartmińska in their handbook Tekstologia (‘Text linguistics’, 2009). According to this theory, text is a supra-sentence linguistic unit, and the text of the parole plane corresponds to an abstract template of the langue plane. The argumentation that this paper presents in favour of regarding proverbs as text is based on an analysis of examples from the National Corpus of Polish which contain proverbs. It shows clearly that proverbs fulfill all of the requirements of textuality; among others, they are uniquely distinguished as a communicative whole, they receive a clear genre qualification, they have their senders and receivers, a clear communicative intent and a stylistic qualifier. The final part of the paper contains a proposition to describe proverbs as “minimal text”, and to separate the terms minimal text and prototypical text. Within this interpretation, a proverb is a prototypical minimal text that is different from both non-prototypical minimal texts, and from non-prototypical non-minimal long texts such as novels, as well as prototypical texts such as fables which tend to be longer (non-minimal).

Keywords

• definicja tekstu
• tekst prototypowy
• tekst minimalny
• tekstem
• tekstologia
• przysłowie