Morphological features of the physical structure of powerlifters of different age and level of sports qualification

Abstract

Purpose: to identify and compare the characteristics of the physical development of people engaged in powerlifting, depending on the age and the level of sportsmanship. Material and methods: to achieve this goal, the physical development of 32 male powerlifters was studied. To determine the physical development of athletes engaged in powerlifting, an anthropometric survey was conducted in a prominent contingent. Results: according to the results of the calculation of the average values of the Pinier index, which determines the strength of the physique, it was found that in all studied groups a very strong physique prevails, but comparing age groups shows that qualified athletes have a more developed physique than their novice peers also reflected in the average shoulder diameter. The average indicators of the calculation of the Erisman index indicate that the studied contingent is characterized by chest hypertrophy, but the indicators of both groups of qualified athletes on average exceed those in the groups of beginners. Conclusions: it was found that skilled powerlifters differ on average more weight and body length standing and sitting, relative long-legged, strong physique, chest hypertrophy, but slightly reduced mobility, well-developed muscles of the upper shoulder girdle and thighs and back (as evidenced by dynamometry results). The life index is calculated, which determines the possibilities of oxygen supply to the body and takes into account body weight, on average in all studied groups slightly below normal. This indicates that powerlifting does not sufficiently affect the development of aerobic capacity of athletes. Analysis of body composition indicates the optimal percentage of adipose tissue in all four study groups, which indicates that the comparative disproportion of individual indicators of physical development of athletes is due to the predominance or, conversely, lack of bone and muscle mass, which also confirms compliance with age calculated body mass index.

Keywords

• sports morphology
• power sports
• qualified athletes
• anthropometry