Use of Intranasal Oxytocin to Treat Adult Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Randomized Double Blind Controlled Trial

Abstract

Introduction Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterized by impairments in social interaction and restricted interests. It has been reported that oxytocin may improve processing of social cues and emotions in adults with ASD. Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effects and safety of intranasal oxytocin in this population. Methods Thirty-nine patients with ASD were randomly assigned to two groups: one group received intranasal oxytocin and the other group received a placebo, with 24 units administered every 12 hours for 8 weeks. The patients were evaluated using the Autism Quotient (AQ), Ritvo Autism Asperger Diagnostic Scale – Revised (RAADS-R), Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS), Clinical Global Impression (CGI), and World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQL-BREF) questionnaires at weeks 0, 4, and 8. Results The intervention group showed clinical improvements in RAADS-R (P=0.010), social communication subscale of SRS (P=0.002), CGI (P=0.000), physical (P=0.004), psychological (P=0.006), and social relationships (P=0.046) domains of WHOQL-BREF. Improvements reached their maximum at week 4 and were maintained until week 8 (Table 1). Table 1. Effect of group, time time-group interaction and the effect size Time Group Time-Group Interaction F P-Value Effect Size (Partial Eta Squared) F P-Value Effect Size(Partial Eta Squared) F P-Value Effect Size(Partial Eta Squared) AQ 19.44 0.000 0.344 0.391 0.536 0.01 2.63 0.079 0.066 RAADS-R 12.68 0.000 0.255 0.944 0.338 0.025 7.250 0.001 0.164 SRS 23.63 0.000 0.390 0.050 0.823 0.001 7.82 0.001 0.175 WHOQL-BREF -Physical Health 6.34 0.003 0.146 0.115 0.737 0.003 5.7 0.005 0.134 WHOQL-BREF -Psychological Health 8.31 0.001 0.183 0.048 0.828 0.001 6.14 0.003 0.142 WHOQL-BREF -Social Relationships 7.72 0.001 0.173 1.052 0.312 0.028 3.64 0.031 0.090 WHOQL-BREF -Environmental Health 4.87 0.010 0.116 0.162 0.690 0.004 2.69 0.074 0.068 CGI 22.08 0.000 0.374 2.28 0.139 0.058 9.42 0.004 0.203 AQ : Autism Spectrum Quotient, SRS : Social Responsiveness Scale, SCI : Social Communication Interaction, RRB : Restricted interest and repetitive behavior, WHOQL-BREF : World Health Organization Quality of life-BREF, CGI : Clinical Global Impression Conclusions The findings of this study suggest that nasal oxytocin therapy can significantly improve social skills and quality of life in individuals with ASD. Further research is needed to determine the timing and scope of oxytocin’s effects across the lifespan. Disclosure of Interest None Declared