Durability of Immune Response to ChAdOx1-nCoV-19 Vaccine in Solid Cancer Patients Undergoing Anticancer Treatment
Passakorn Wanchaijiraboon,
Nattaya Teeyapun,
Nussara Pakvisal,
Panot Sainamthip,
Thiti Susiriwatananont,
Nicha Zungsontiporn,
Nungruthai Suntronwong,
Preeyaporn Vichaiwattana,
Worata Klinsawat,
Nasamon Wanlapakorn,
Suebpong Tanasanvimon,
Virote Sriuranpong,
Yong Poovorawan,
Sutima Luangdilok
Affiliations
Passakorn Wanchaijiraboon
Phrapokklao Cancer Center of Excellence, Phrapokklao Clinical Research Center, Phrapokklao Genomic Laboratories, Phrapokklao Hospital, Mueang District, Chanthaburi 22000, Thailand
Nattaya Teeyapun
The King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
Nussara Pakvisal
The King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
Panot Sainamthip
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
Thiti Susiriwatananont
The King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
Nicha Zungsontiporn
The King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
Nungruthai Suntronwong
Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and The King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
Preeyaporn Vichaiwattana
Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and The King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
Worata Klinsawat
Conservation Ecology Program, School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut’s University of Technology, Bangkok 10150, Thailand
Nasamon Wanlapakorn
Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and The King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
Suebpong Tanasanvimon
Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
Virote Sriuranpong
Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
Yong Poovorawan
Center of Excellence in Clinical Virology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and The King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
Sutima Luangdilok
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
There are limited data available about the durability of the immune response after administration of the widely used adenovirus-vectored ChAdOx1-nCoV-19 vaccine in cancer patients. This prospective longitudinal observational study analyzed follow-up data of immunogenic responses 12 weeks after the second dose of the ChAdOx1-nCoV-19 vaccine in 290 oncological patients compared to healthy controls. The study aimed to assess the persistence of the humoral immune response three months after the second dose, and omicron neutralization was also evaluated. Three months after completion of the second vaccine dose, the geometric mean titer of SARS-CoV-2 binding total Ig statistically decreased by 42% compared to those at 4 weeks, and was lower than that of the healthy control. Six percent of patients became seronegative for anti-RBD total Ig. Only 5% (2 of 40 samples) tested positive for surrogate neutralization against SAR-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2. Across different therapy types, a waning in immunogenicity was observed within three months after the second dose of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine, rendering it insufficient at that point to protect against the SAR-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2 variant.
