Migration study of phthalates from non-food plastic containers used in food preservation
Olivier Songue Same,
Pierre Nobosse,
Guillaume Legrand Ngolong Ngea,
Catherine Piveteau,
Mohamed Lemdani,
Richard Kamga,
Benoit Deprez
Affiliations
Olivier Songue Same
Centre Pasteur du Cameroun, Physicochemical Section of Hygiene and Environment Department, PO Box 1274, Yaounde, Cameroon; University of Ngaoundere, National School of Agro-Industrial Sciences, Department of Applied Chemistry, P.O. Box 455, Ngaoundere, Cameroon; University of Lille, INSERM, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1177 - Drugs and Molecules for Living Systems, F-59000, Lille, France; Corresponding author. Centre Pasteur du Cameroun, Physicochemical Section of Health and Hygiene Department, PO Box 1274, Yaounde, Cameroon.
Pierre Nobosse
University of Ngaoundere, National School of Agro-Industrial Sciences, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, P.O. Box 455, Ngaoundere, Cameroon
Guillaume Legrand Ngolong Ngea
Université de Douala à Yabassi, Institut des Sciences Halieutiques, Département de Trasformation et Contrôle de Qualité des Produits Halieutiques, P.O. Box 7236, Douala-Bassa, Cameroon
Catherine Piveteau
University of Lille, INSERM, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1177 - Drugs and Molecules for Living Systems, F-59000, Lille, France
Mohamed Lemdani
University of Lille, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lab. Biomaths Metrics, 59006, Lille, France
Richard Kamga
University of Ngaoundere, National School of Agro-Industrial Sciences, Department of Applied Chemistry, P.O. Box 455, Ngaoundere, Cameroon
Benoit Deprez
University of Lille, INSERM, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1177 - Drugs and Molecules for Living Systems, EGID, F-59000, Lille, France
Phthalate acid esters (PAE) are used as additives in the formulation of plastics, to increase their flexibility and transparency. They can migrate from plastic packaging to food, then cause endocrine disruption in consumers. This migration depends on the conditions of use defined for each plastic. Non-food plastics are likely to release more PAE than food-grade plastics. In Cameroon, non-food grade plastics such as old paint buckets are used by people to preserve liquid food. The present work aimed at studying the conditions and mechanism of migration of total PAE from paint buckets to pap. For this purpose, the effects of seven factors were determined through Plackett-Burman experimental design. The interactions of the most influential factors were determined through a full factorial design. The conditions of the migration of total PAE were obtained via face-centered composite design. Then experimental results of migration kinetics were modelled according to equations of pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order and intra-particle diffusion. The results revealed that the most influential factors were pH, temperature and contact time. The effects of these factors are non-linear, and their interactions have to be considered. When pap is preserved in paint buckets according to the conditions: temperature of pap >70 °C, pH of pap ≤4 or ≥10 and contact time > 2 h, as is the case in donut shops in Cameroon, the amount of total PAE released is greater than 50 μg/L. Migration of total PAE from paint buckets to pap is best described by the pseudo-second order model.
