A systematic and technical guide on how to reduce a shoulder dislocation

Abstract

Objectives: Our objective is to provide a systematic and technical guide on how to reduce a shoulder dislocation, based on techniques that have been described in literature for patients with anterior and posterior shoulder instability. Materials and methods: A PubMed and EMBASE query was performed, screening all relevant literature on the closed reduction techniques. Studies regarding open reduction techniques and studies with fracture dislocations were excluded. Results: In this study we give an overview of 23 different techniques for closed reduction and 17 modifications of these techniques. Discussion: In this review article we present a complete overview of the techniques, that have been described in the literature for closed reduction for shoulder dislocations. This manuscript can be regarded as a clinical guide how to perform a closed reduction maneuver, including several technical tips and tricks to optimize the success rate and to avoid complications. Conclusion: There are 23 different reduction techniques with 17 modifications of these techniques. Knowledge of the different techniques is highly important for a good reduction. Keywords: Reposition, Techniques, Maneuver, Shoulder, Glenohumeral, Instability