Mechanical Chiseling and the Cover Crop Effect on the Common Bean Yield in the Brazilian Cerrado
Vagner do Nascimento,
Orivaldo Arf,
Marlene Cristina Alves,
Epitácio José de Souza,
Paulo Ricardo Teodoro da Silva,
Flávio Hiroshi Kaneko,
Arshad Jalal,
Carlos Eduardo da Silva Oliveira,
Michelle Traete Sabundjian,
Samuel Ferrari,
Fernando de Souza Buzo,
Marcelo Carvalho Minhoto Teixeira Filho
Affiliations
Vagner do Nascimento
Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agricultural and Technological Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Dracena 17900-000, SP, Brazil
Orivaldo Arf
Food Technology and Social Economy, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Crop Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Ilha Solteira 15385-000, SP, Brazil
Marlene Cristina Alves
Rural Engineering and Soils (DEFERS), Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Engineering, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Ilha Solteira 15385-000, SP, Brazil
Epitácio José de Souza
Faculty Unibras of Goiás, Rio Verde 75909-310, GO, Brazil
Paulo Ricardo Teodoro da Silva
Precision Agriculture, Chapadão Foundation, Chapadão do Sul 79560-000, MS, Brazil
Flávio Hiroshi Kaneko
Agronomy, Campus of Iturama, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro (UFTM), Iturama 38280-000, MG, Brazil
Arshad Jalal
Rural Engineering and Soils (DEFERS), Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Engineering, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Ilha Solteira 15385-000, SP, Brazil
Carlos Eduardo da Silva Oliveira
Rural Engineering and Soils (DEFERS), Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Engineering, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Ilha Solteira 15385-000, SP, Brazil
Michelle Traete Sabundjian
Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Social and Agrarian Sciences of Itapeva, Itapeva 18409-010, SP, Brazil
Samuel Ferrari
Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agricultural and Technological Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Dracena 17900-000, SP, Brazil
Fernando de Souza Buzo
Food Technology and Social Economy, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Crop Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Ilha Solteira 15385-000, SP, Brazil
Marcelo Carvalho Minhoto Teixeira Filho
Rural Engineering and Soils (DEFERS), Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Engineering, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Ilha Solteira 15385-000, SP, Brazil
Core Ideas: (1) Superficial soil compaction in a no-tillage system. (2) Cultivation of cover crops in succession with annual crops. (3) Soil decompression with cultivation of the predecessor soil cover. (4) Unpacking soil with mechanical chiseling. (5) Biological chiseling with the cover crop effect on the common bean yield. Mechanical soil intervention with a chisel in cover crops (CC) is a promising alternative strategy to minimize superficial compaction of soil in a no-tillage system (NTS) of the Brazilian Cerrado. Thus, the objective of the current study was to evaluate the effects of mechanical chiseling associated with successor and predecessor cover crops on agronomic components and the grain yield of the common bean in NTS for two consecutive years. The experiment was designed in randomized blocks in a 5 × 2 factorial scheme with four replications. The treatments consisted of five cover crops (Cajanus cajan, Crotalaria juncea, Urochloa ruziziensis and Pennisetum glaucum and fallow), associated or not with soil mechanical chiseling. The results indicated that cultivation of C. juncea and U. ruziziensis as cover crops increased the initial and the final plant population and the number of pods plant−1 of the common bean. The cultivation of P. glaucum as a predecessor crop with chiseling was observed with greater shoot dry matter and a greater number of grains pod−1 and plant−1 of the common bean while C. cajan and C. juncea have increased leaf N content in the common bean. The predecessor crops of C. juncea and P. glaucum with chiseling increased the grain yield of the “winter” common bean in succession. Therefore, cultivation of C. juncea and P. glaucum as predecessor crops along with chiseling are considered a sustainable strategy for improving the growth and the yield of successive crops in a no-tillage system of the Brazilian Cerrado.
