Hybrid Graphene-Based Photonic-Plasmonic Biochemical Sensor with a Photonic and Acoustic Cavity Structure
Chan-Shan Yang,
Yi-Sheng Cheng,
Young-Chou Hsu,
Yi-Cheng Chung,
Jing-Ting Hung,
Chien-Hao Liu,
Jin-Chen Hsu,
Cheng-Ying Chen,
Chii-Rong Yang,
Yu-Tai Li,
Nan-Nong Huang,
Tzy-Rong Lin
Affiliations
Chan-Shan Yang
Institute & Undergraduate Program of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan
Yi-Sheng Cheng
Institute & Undergraduate Program of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan
Young-Chou Hsu
Institute & Undergraduate Program of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan
Yi-Cheng Chung
Department of Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan
Jing-Ting Hung
Department of Mechatronic Engineering, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 10610, Taiwan
Chien-Hao Liu
Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
Jin-Chen Hsu
Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Yunlin 64002, Taiwan
Cheng-Ying Chen
Center for Plasma and Thin Film Technologies (CPTFT), Department of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City 24301, Taiwan
Chii-Rong Yang
Department of Mechatronic Engineering, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 10610, Taiwan
Yu-Tai Li
Center for Measurement Standards, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu 31040, Taiwan
Nan-Nong Huang
Department of Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan
Tzy-Rong Lin
Department of Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan
In this study, we propose a biochemical sensor that features a photonic cavity integrated with graphene. The tunable hybrid plasmonic-photonic sensor can detect the molecular fingerprints of biochemicals with a small sample volume. The stacking sequence of the device is “ITO grating/graphene/TiO2/Au/Si substrate”, which composes a photonic band gap structure. A defect is created within the ITO gratings to form a resonant cavity. The plasmonic-photonic energy can be confined in the cavity to enhance the interaction between light and the analyte deposited in the cavity. The finite element simulation results indicated that the current sensor exhibits very high values in resonance shift and sensitivity. Moreover, the resonance spectrum with a broad resonance linewidth can identify the molecular vibration bands, which was exemplified by the fingerprint detections of protein and the chemical compound CBP. The sensor possesses an electrical tunability by including a graphene layer, which allowed us to tune the effective refractive index of the cavity to increase the sensor’s sensing performance. In addition, our device admits a phononic bandgap as well, which was exploited to sense the mechanical properties of two particular dried proteins based on the simplified elastic material model instead of using the more realistic viscoelastic model. The dual examinations of the optical and mechanical properties of analytes from a phoxonic sensor can improve the selectivity in analyte detections.
