Les dynamiques démographiques au Kazakhstan, un modèle spécifique depuis l’indépendance

Abstract

Since 1991, Kazakhstan get through deep transformations of demographic dynamics of fertility, mortality and migrations as other post-communist countries of Central and Eastern Europe. Fertility rates decreased first and increased after and their calendar has been postponed. International and domestic patterns of migrations appeared while they were very weak during the Soviet time. Life expectancy at birth did not progress while infant mortality decreased. Those transformations appeared also with a couple of properly Kazakhstani characteristics like a stronger natural growth due to fertility and the extensiveness of international migrations. They also engendered an increasing of regional disparities with two main regions: a Russian north-east with a European social and family model and a Kazakh Moslem south-west where demographic dynamics are similar to those observed in other Central Asian countries.

Keywords

• fertility
• Kazakhstan
• migration
• mortality
• post-communist demographic dynamics
• spatial disparities