Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity (Feb 2025)

Pyroptosis-Mediator GSDMD in Plasma: A Promising Biomarker for Early Diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes

  • Huo L,
  • Liu X,
  • Ding N,
  • Zhang H,
  • Hou S,
  • He J,
  • Zhao B

Journal volume & issue
Vol. Volume 18
pp. 453 – 464

Abstract

Read online

Lijing Huo,1,2 Xuexin Liu,2 Nan Ding,2 Hairui Zhang,1 Shiyu Hou,1 Jintian He,1 Baohua Zhao1 1College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Medical Laboratory, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Jintian He; Baohua Zhao, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, No. 20 Road East of 2nd Ring South, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, 050024, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 311 80786666 ; +86 311 80787777, Email 576477418@qq.com; zhaobaohua@mail.hebtu.edu.cnObjective: This study investigates the potential of plasma Gasdermin D (GSDMD) as a novel biomarker for early diagnosis and monitoring of type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods: We conducted a comparative analysis of clinical indicators among newly diagnosed diabetes patients, those with prediabetes, and healthy controls, finding significantly elevated plasma GSDMD levels in the diabetes group (P < 0.05).Results: Correlation analyses revealed that GSDMD levels were positively associated with inflammatory markers and indicators of insulin resistance, while negatively correlating with HOMA-β (P < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis identified GSDMD, IL-6, and CRP as independent risk factors for type 2 diabetes (P < 0.001). The area under the ROC curve for plasma GSDMD was 0.988, indicating superior diagnostic capability compared to traditional markers like CRP (0.902) and IL-6 (0.857). With a threshold of 17.67 pg/mL, plasma GSDMD exhibited a sensitivity of 93.9% and specificity of 98.0%.Conclusion: These findings suggest that plasma GSDMD not only reflects early metabolic abnormalities associated with type 2 diabetes but also holds promise as a therapeutic target to mitigate inflammatory responses and improve insulin resistance. Further large-scale clinical studies are warranted to validate its diagnostic utility and enhance clinical applications.Keywords: biomarker discovery, gasdermin D, early diagnosis, type 2 diabetes mellitus, plasma biomarker, prediabetes

Keywords