Discover Civil Engineering (Dec 2024)
Fiber Bragg grating (FBG)-based sensors: a review of technology and recent applications in structural health monitoring (SHM) of civil engineering structures
Abstract
Abstract Structural health monitoring (SHM) has become increasingly common in assessing built structures and the ongoing monitoring of older ones, whether for preventive maintenance applications or for assuring the integrity of deteriorating structures. Several sensing technologies have been developed and utilized for these applications. Over the past two decades, optical fiber sensors (OFS) have been utilized in various civil engineering projects due to their inherent advantages. This includes properties such as lightweight, size, immunity to electromagnetic interference (EMI), corrosion resistance, and embedding capability. Several monitoring systems based on OFS have been developed to measure and assess real-time data of various civil infrastructures continuously. Since its inception, Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) has been an ideal candidate for OFS technology; currently, most OFS systems use FBG. Due to its inherent characteristics and potential applications, considerable efforts and advancements have been made in the FBG-based sensing field. One of the most developed FBG sensors is strain OFS. Not just because of their benefits compared to the traditional strain gauge but also because of their high sensitivity and low cost. FBG strain sensors acquire an essential share of the SHM market. This review paper aims to give a general understanding of the basic principles of FBG sensors, advances in sensing and data processing techniques, developments of novel optical fiber sensors, temperature compensation techniques, and practical applications of FBG sensing technology in SHM. Moreover, this paper aims to contribute to the existing knowledge by highlighting the evolving landscape of FBG sensors and suggesting potential research areas in the context of SHM.
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