Impact of Lightning NO<sub>x</sub> Emissions on Atmospheric Composition and Meteorology in Africa and Europe
Laurent Menut,
Bertrand Bessagnet,
Sylvain Mailler,
Romain Pennel,
Guillaume Siour
Affiliations
Laurent Menut
Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (LMD), UMR CNRS 8539, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Pierre Simon Laplace, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Université Paris-Saclay, Sorbonne Universités,, Route de Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau, France
Bertrand Bessagnet
Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (LMD), UMR CNRS 8539, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Pierre Simon Laplace, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Université Paris-Saclay, Sorbonne Universités,, Route de Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau, France
Sylvain Mailler
Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (LMD), UMR CNRS 8539, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Pierre Simon Laplace, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Université Paris-Saclay, Sorbonne Universités,, Route de Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau, France
Romain Pennel
Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (LMD), UMR CNRS 8539, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Pierre Simon Laplace, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Université Paris-Saclay, Sorbonne Universités,, Route de Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau, France
Guillaume Siour
Laboratoire Inter-Universitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA), UMR CNRS 7583, Institut Pierre Simon Laplace, Université Paris Est Créteil et Université de Paris, 94010 Créteil, France
NOx emissions from lightning have been added to the CHIMERE v2020r1 model using a parameterization based on convective clouds. In order to estimate the impact of these emissions on pollutant concentrations, two simulations, using the online coupled WRF-CHIMERE models with and without NOx emissions from lightning, have been carried out over the months of July and August 2013 and over a large area covering Europe and the northern part of Africa. The results show that these emissions modify the pollutant concentrations as well as the meteorology. The changes are most significant where the strongest emissions are located. Adding these emissions improves Aerosol Optical Depth in Africa but has a limited impact on the surface concentrations of pollutants in Europe. For the two-month average we find that the maximum changes are localized and may reach ±0.5 K for 2 m temperature, ±0.5 m s−1 for 10 m wind speed, 10 W m−2 for short wave radiation surface flux, and 50 and 2 μg m−3 for dust and sea salt surface concentrations, respectively. This leads to maximum changes of 1 μg m−3 for surface concentrations of PM2.5.
