The Efficacy of Modified Ilizarov Distraction‐Tension Device on Limb Wound Difficult to Cover with Skin Flaps

Abstract

Introduction Closure of complex limb wounds poses challenges and requires innovative approaches. This research aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a modified distraction‐tension device using Ilizarov external fixation for wound closure in challenging cases. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 43 patients with extremity wounds that were difficult to cover with skin flaps between January 2019 and December 2022. Tension‐relieving traction was applied using the Ilizarovexternal fixator apparatus, tailored to individual wound characteristics. Three types of wire–pin connections were used in this study. The distraction begins on the third postoperative day, with a speed of 0.5mm/d. Clinical wound healing scores were evaluated at 5 and 30 days postoperatively. Complications were documented following the Paley classification system. Results Traction using modified Ilizarovexternal fixation promoted a significant reduction in wound size. The mean traction period was 11.2 ± 7.3 days, and the mean healing duration was 17.0 ± 3.7 days. The clinical wound healing score improved from 3.7 ± 2.9 at 5 days to 1.7 ± 0.7 at 30 days postoperatively (p < 0.05). Complications were minimal, with no significant obstacles or sequelae observed. Direct closure healing was achieved in 21 cases, skin graft healing in 13 cases, and suture healing in 9 cases. No recurrences were reported. Using Paley's classified complications, there were 17 problems, 9 obstacles, and 0 sequelae. Conclusion The Ilizarov tension‐relieving traction shows promise in facilitating wound closure that is challenging to manage with skin flaps. The modified three types of pin–skin connection configuration could satisfy various types of wound closure.

Keywords

• Complex Limb Wounds
• Ilizarov Tension‐Relieving Traction
• Modified Ilizarov external fixation
• Skin Flaps
• Wound Closure Effectiveness