Oral Manifestations Associated with HIV/AIDS Patients
Sarah Monserrat Lomelí-Martínez,
Luz Alicia González-Hernández,
Antonio de Jesús Ruiz-Anaya,
Manuel Arturo Lomelí-Martínez,
Silvia Yolanda Martínez-Salazar,
Ana Esther Mercado González,
Jaime Federico Andrade-Villanueva,
Juan José Varela-Hernández
Affiliations
Sarah Monserrat Lomelí-Martínez
Department of Medical and Life Sciences, Centro Universitario de la Ciénega, Universidad de Guadalajara, Ocotlán 47810, Mexico
Luz Alicia González-Hernández
HIV and Immunodeficiencies Research Institute, Department of Medical Clinic, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
Antonio de Jesús Ruiz-Anaya
Prostodontics Program, Department of Integrated Dentistry Clinics, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
Manuel Arturo Lomelí-Martínez
Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hospital Regional de la Zona No. 89, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44190, Mexico
Silvia Yolanda Martínez-Salazar
Department of Medical and Life Sciences, Centro Universitario de la Ciénega, Universidad de Guadalajara, Ocotlán 47810, Mexico
Ana Esther Mercado González
HIV Unit Department, Antiguo Hospital Civil de Guadalajara “Fray Antonio Alcalde”, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44280, Mexico
Jaime Federico Andrade-Villanueva
HIV and Immunodeficiencies Research Institute, Department of Medical Clinic, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
Juan José Varela-Hernández
Department of Medical and Life Sciences, Centro Universitario de la Ciénega, Universidad de Guadalajara, Ocotlán 47810, Mexico
Oral manifestations are early and important clinical indicators of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection since they can occur in up to 50% of HIV-infected patients and in up to 80% of patients at the AIDS stage (+ T lymphocytes). Oral health is related to physical and mental well-being because the presence of some lesions can compromise dental aesthetics, and alter speech, chewing, and swallowing, thus impacting the quality of life of patients. For this reason, it is necessary to integrate, as part of the medical treatment of HIV-positive patients, the prevention, diagnosis, and control of oral health. It is essential that health professionals have the power to identify, diagnose, and treat oral pathologies through clinical characteristics, etiological agents, and risk factors, both local and systemic. A diagnosis at an early stage of injury allows optimizing and prioritizing oral treatments, especially in acute pathologies, such as gingivitis and necrotizing periodontitis. In this group of patients, the development of strategies for the prevention, control, and reduction of these pathologies must be prioritized in order to reduce morbidity and mortality in this group of patients.
