Instruments (Jul 2020)
Off-Axis Characterisation of the CERN T10 Beam for low Momentum Proton Measurements with a High Pressure Gas Time Projection Chamber
- S.B. Jones,
- T.S. Nonnenmacher,
- E. Atkin,
- G.J. Barker,
- A. Basharina-Freshville,
- C. Betancourt,
- S.B. Boyd,
- D. Brailsford,
- Z. Chen-Wishart,
- L. Cremonesi,
- A. Deisting,
- A. Dias,
- P. Dunne,
- J. Haigh,
- P. Hamacher-Baumann,
- A. Kaboth,
- A. Korzenev,
- W. Ma,
- P. Mermod,
- M. Mironova,
- J. Monroe,
- R. Nichol,
- J. Nowak,
- W. Parker,
- H. Ritchie-Yates,
- S. Roth,
- R. Saakyan,
- N. Serra,
- Y. Shitov,
- J. Steinmann,
- A. Tarrant,
- M.A. Uchida,
- S. Valder,
- A.V. Waldron,
- M. Ward,
- M.O. Wascko
Affiliations
- S.B. Jones
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower St, Kings Cross, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- T.S. Nonnenmacher
- The Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BW, UK
- E. Atkin
- The Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BW, UK
- G.J. Barker
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
- A. Basharina-Freshville
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower St, Kings Cross, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- C. Betancourt
- Physik-Institut, Universität Züriche, Rämistrasse 71, 8006 Zürich, Switzerland
- S.B. Boyd
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
- D. Brailsford
- Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK
- Z. Chen-Wishart
- Department of Physics, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham Hill, Egham TW20 0EX, UK
- L. Cremonesi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower St, Kings Cross, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- A. Deisting
- Department of Physics, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham Hill, Egham TW20 0EX, UK
- A. Dias
- Department of Physics, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham Hill, Egham TW20 0EX, UK
- P. Dunne
- The Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BW, UK
- J. Haigh
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
- P. Hamacher-Baumann
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
- A. Kaboth
- Department of Physics, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham Hill, Egham TW20 0EX, UK
- A. Korzenev
- DPNC Université de Genève, 1205 Genf, Switzerland
- W. Ma
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
- P. Mermod
- DPNC Université de Genève, 1205 Genf, Switzerland
- M. Mironova
- The Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BW, UK
- J. Monroe
- Department of Physics, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham Hill, Egham TW20 0EX, UK
- R. Nichol
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower St, Kings Cross, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- J. Nowak
- Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK
- W. Parker
- Department of Physics, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham Hill, Egham TW20 0EX, UK
- H. Ritchie-Yates
- Department of Physics, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham Hill, Egham TW20 0EX, UK
- S. Roth
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
- R. Saakyan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower St, Kings Cross, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- N. Serra
- Physik-Institut, Universität Züriche, Rämistrasse 71, 8006 Zürich, Switzerland
- Y. Shitov
- The Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BW, UK
- J. Steinmann
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
- A. Tarrant
- Department of Physics, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham Hill, Egham TW20 0EX, UK
- M.A. Uchida
- The Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BW, UK
- S. Valder
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
- A.V. Waldron
- The Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BW, UK
- M. Ward
- Department of Physics, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham Hill, Egham TW20 0EX, UK
- M.O. Wascko
- The Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BW, UK
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3390/instruments4030021
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 4,
no. 3
p. 21
Abstract
We present studies of proton fluxes in the T10 beamline at CERN. A prototype high pressure gas time projection chamber (TPC) was exposed to the beam of protons and other particles, using the 0.8 GeV/c momentum setting in T10, in order to make cross section measurements of low energy protons in argon. To explore the energy region comparable to hadrons produced by GeV-scale neutrino interactions at oscillation experiments, i.e., near 0.1 GeV of kinetic energy, methods of moderating the T10 beam were employed: the dual technique of moderating the beam with acrylic blocks and measuring scattered protons off the beam axis was used to decrease the kinetic energy of incident protons, as well as change the proton/minimum ionising particle (MIP) composition of the incident flux. Measurements of the beam properties were made using time of flight systems upstream and downstream of the TPC. The kinetic energy of protons reaching the TPC was successfully changed from ∼0.3 GeV without moderator blocks to less than 0.1 GeV with four moderator blocks (40 cm path length). The flux of both protons and MIPs off the beam axis was increased. The ratio of protons to MIPs vary as a function of the off-axis angle allowing for possible optimisation of the detector to select the type of required particles. Simulation informed by the time of flight measurements show that with four moderator blocks placed in the beamline, (5.6 ± 0.1) protons with energies below 0.1 GeV per spill traversed the active TPC region. Measurements of the beam composition and energy are presented.
Keywords
