Modern Technologies for Examination of Three-Dimensional (3-D) Ultra-Fine Structure and Visualization of Microorganisms

Abstract

Outlined is a review of the literature data on the modern technologies for examination of the spatial (3-D) submicroscopic structural arrangement of biological objects with a high spatial resolution. Capacities of the instrumental visualization and analysis of a three-dimensional biological object significantly facilitate the overall characterization of its structural-functional properties.

Keywords

• transmission
• raster electronic microscopy
• scanning probe
• confocal microscopy
• x-ray
• digital holographic microscopy