Кавказский энтомологический бюллетень (Dec 2019)
A review of the mosquitoes fauna (Diptera: Culicidae) of Tyumen Region of Russia and adjacent territories
Abstract
Currently, continuous studies of ranges and population density of insects which transmit vector-borne diseases in Russia are unfortunately absent or such studies are carried out only in certain regions. This makes it very difficult to assess the risk of introduction and spread of such insects. The aim of this study is to summarize and analyze the current state of our knowledge of at least mosquitoes. We analyzed more than 100 scientific publications studying the fauna and composition of mosquitoes in the Tyumen, Arkhangelsk, Sverdlovsk, Chelyabinsk, Kurgan, Orenburg, Omsk, Tomsk, Novosibirsk, Perm and Krasnoyarsk regions, Republic of Bashkortostan and Komi Republic of Russia, the north of Kazakhstan. Own studies (116732 collected specimens) covered the south of Tyumen Region, the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Area and Kurgan Region in 2004–2018. We used Jaccard index for the analysis of the similarity of mosquito faunas from different regions. The World fauna includes 3564 species of mosquitoes, 110 from them occur on the territory of Russia. Forty three mosquito species are distributed in Tyumen Region according to published data and material of our studies; 36 species are known in the northern parts of Tyumen Region (Khanty-Mansi and Yamal-Nenets autonomous areas), three of them (Aedes punctodes (Dyar, 1922), A. nigripes (Zetterstedt, 1838), A. churchillensis Ellis et Brust, 1973) were not registered in the south of the Region yet. We registered 48 species of Culicidae occurring to the west, in Arkhangelsk, Sverdlovsk, Perm regions and Komi Republic; nine of them were not registered in Tyumen Region; ranges of two of these species (Anopheles claviger (Meigen, 1804) and A. maculipennis Meigen, 1818) don’t expand to the Asian part of Russia. In the regions to the east (Omsk, Tomsk, Novosibirsk and Krasnoyarsk regions) and to the south (Republic of Bashkortostan, Chelyabinsk, Kurgan, Orenburg regions and the north of Kazakhstan) of Tyumen Region, 46 (five of them are absent in Tyumen Region) and 56 (17 of them are absent in Tyumen Region) species of mosquitoes were respectively registered. In total, 62 species of Culicidae occur in 13 mentioned administrative territories of Russia and North Kazakhstan (43 species in Tumen Region). We established on the basis on the faunistic analysis, that two mosquito species, Aedes detritus (Haliday, 1833) and Culex torrentium Martini, 1925, unknown in the south of Tyumen Region, are distributed on bordered territories to the west and the east. Both species will probably be found in Tyumen Region during futher investigations. The geographic distribution of seven species is limited by the European part of Russia; they don’t occur in the Trans-Ural region and Siberia. The ranges of five species extend east of Tyumen Region. The faunal similarity of mosquitoes of the studied regions fluctuates from 40 to 93%. The mosquito fauna of Tyumen Region is closest to those in Tomsk Region (84.7%) and minimally similar to those in Arkhangelsk Region (48.8%). The analysis of literature data shows that the mosquito fauna was better studied and current monitoring is continous in Komi Republic, Sverdlovsk, Tomsk, Novosibirsk and Tyumen (south) regions, where the large scientific institutions dealing with entomology and parasitology are presented. Information on mosquitoes in other regions is outdated or fragmentary after our analysis of the species composition
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