Antineoplastic Activity of <i>Rhus trilobata</i> Nutt. (<i>Anacardiaceae</i>) against Ovarian Cancer and Identification of Active Metabolites in This Pathology
Luis Varela-Rodríguez,
Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez,
Erika Saenz-Pardo-Reyes,
José Juan Ordaz-Ortiz,
Rodrigo Daniel Castellanos-Mijangos,
Verónica Ivonne Hernández-Ramírez,
Carlos Martín Cerda-García-Rojas,
Carmen González-Horta,
Patricia Talamás-Rohana
Affiliations
Luis Varela-Rodríguez
Facultad de Enfermería y Nutriología, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Chihuahua CP 31125, CHIH, Mexico
Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez
Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Chihuahua CP 31125, CHIH, Mexico
Erika Saenz-Pardo-Reyes
Facultad de Enfermería y Nutriología, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Chihuahua CP 31125, CHIH, Mexico
José Juan Ordaz-Ortiz
Laboratorio de Metabolómica y Espectrometría de Masas, Unidad de Genómica Avanzada—CINVESTAV, Irapuato CP 36824, GTO, Mexico
Departamento de Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Ciudad de México CP 07360, CDMX, Mexico
Carlos Martín Cerda-García-Rojas
Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Ciudad de México CP 07360, CDMX, Mexico
Carmen González-Horta
Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Chihuahua CP 31125, CHIH, Mexico
Patricia Talamás-Rohana
Departamento de Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Ciudad de México CP 07360, CDMX, Mexico
Rhus trilobata (RHTR) is a medicinal plant with cytotoxic activity in different cancer cell lines. However, the active compounds in this plant against ovarian cancer are unknown. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the antineoplastic activity of RHTR and identify its active metabolites against ovarian cancer. The aqueous extract (AE) and an active fraction (AF02) purified on C18-cartridges/ethyl acetate decreased the viability of SKOV-3 cells at 50 and 38 μg/mL, respectively, compared with CHO-K1 (>50 μg/mL) in MTT assays and generated changes in the cell morphology with apoptosis induction in Hemacolor® and TUNEL assays (p ≤ 0.05, ANOVA). The metabolite profile of AF02 showed a higher abundance of flavonoid and lipid compounds compared with AE by UPLC-MSE. Gallic acid and myricetin were the most active compounds in RHTR against SKOV-3 cells at 50 and 166 μg/mL, respectively (p ≤ 0.05, ANOVA). Antineoplastic studies in Nu/Nu female mice with subcutaneous SKOV-3 cells xenotransplant revealed that 200 mg/kg/i.p. of AE and AF02 inhibited ovarian tumor lesions from 37.6% to 49% after 28 days (p ≤ 0.05, ANOVA). In conclusion, RHTR has antineoplastic activity against ovarian cancer through a cytostatic effect related to gallic acid and myricetin. Therefore, RHTR could be a complementary treatment for this pathology.
