The Astrophysical Journal Letters (Jan 2022)
X-Ray Polarization Observations of BL Lacertae
- Riccardo Middei,
- Ioannis Liodakis,
- Matteo Perri,
- Simonetta Puccetti,
- Elisabetta Cavazzuti,
- Laura Di Gesu,
- Steven R. Ehlert,
- Grzegorz Madejski,
- Alan P. Marscher,
- Herman L. Marshall,
- Fabio Muleri,
- Michela Negro,
- Svetlana G. Jorstad,
- Beatriz Agís-González,
- Iván Agudo,
- Giacomo Bonnoli,
- Maria I. Bernardos,
- Víctor Casanova,
- Maya García-Comas,
- César Husillos,
- Alessandro Marchini,
- Alfredo Sota,
- Pouya M. Kouch,
- Elina Lindfors,
- George A. Borman,
- Evgenia N. Kopatskaya,
- Elena G. Larionova,
- Daria A. Morozova,
- Sergey S. Savchenko,
- Andrey A. Vasilyev,
- Alexey V. Zhovtan,
- Carolina Casadio,
- Juan Escudero,
- Ioannis Myserlis,
- Antonio Hales,
- Seiji Kameno,
- Ruediger Kneissl,
- Hugo Messias,
- Hiroshi Nagai,
- Dmitry Blinov,
- Ioakeim G. Bourbah,
- Sebastian Kiehlmann,
- Evangelos Kontopodis,
- Nikos Mandarakas,
- Stylianos Romanopoulos,
- Raphael Skalidis,
- Anna Vervelaki,
- Joseph R. Masiero,
- Dimitri Mawet,
- Maxwell A. Millar-Blanchaer,
- Georgia V. Panopoulou,
- Samaporn Tinyanont,
- Andrei V. Berdyugin,
- Masato Kagitani,
- Vadim Kravtsov,
- Takeshi Sakanoi,
- Ryo Imazawa,
- Mahito Sasada,
- Yasushi Fukazawa,
- Koji S. Kawabata,
- Makoto Uemura,
- Tsunefumi Mizuno,
- Tatsuya Nakaoka,
- Hiroshi Akitaya,
- Mark Gurwell,
- Ramprasad Rao,
- Niccoló Di Lalla,
- Nicoló Cibrario,
- Immacolata Donnarumma,
- Dawoon E. Kim,
- Nicola Omodei,
- Luigi Pacciani,
- Juri Poutanen,
- Fabrizio Tavecchio,
- Lucio A. Antonelli,
- Matteo Bachetti,
- Luca Baldini,
- Wayne H. Baumgartner,
- Ronaldo Bellazzini,
- Stefano Bianchi,
- Stephen D. Bongiorno,
- Raffaella Bonino,
- Alessandro Brez,
- Niccoló Bucciantini,
- Fiamma Capitanio,
- Simone Castellano,
- Stefano Ciprini,
- Enrico Costa,
- Alessandra De Rosa,
- Ettore Del Monte,
- Alessandro Di Marco,
- Victor Doroshenko,
- Michal Dovčiak,
- Teruaki Enoto,
- Yuri Evangelista,
- Sergio Fabiani,
- Riccardo Ferrazzoli,
- Javier A. Garcia,
- Shuichi Gunji,
- Kiyoshi Hayashida,
- Jeremy Heyl,
- Wataru Iwakiri,
- Vladimir Karas,
- Takao Kitaguchi,
- Jeffery J. Kolodziejczak,
- Henric Krawczynski,
- Fabio La Monaca,
- Luca Latronico,
- Simone Maldera,
- Alberto Manfreda,
- Frédéric Marin,
- Andrea Marinucci,
- Francesco Massaro,
- Giorgio Matt,
- Ikuyuki Mitsuishi,
- C.-Y. Ng,
- Stephen L. O’Dell,
- Chiara Oppedisano,
- Alessandro Papitto,
- George G. Pavlov,
- Abel L. Peirson,
- Melissa Pesce-Rollins,
- Pierre-Olivier Petrucci,
- Maura Pilia,
- Andrea Possenti,
- Brian D. Ramsey,
- John Rankin,
- Ajay Ratheesh,
- Roger W. Romani,
- Carmelo Sgró,
- Patrick Slane,
- Paolo Soffitta,
- Gloria Spandre,
- Toru Tamagawa,
- Roberto Taverna,
- Yuzuru Tawara,
- Allyn F. Tennant,
- Nicholas E. Thomas,
- Francesco Tombesi,
- Alessio Trois,
- Sergey Tsygankov,
- Roberto Turolla,
- Jacco Vink,
- Martin C. Weisskopf,
- Kinwah Wu,
- Fei Xie,
- Silvia Zane
Affiliations
- Riccardo Middei
- ORCiD
- Space Science Data Center , Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Via del Politecnico snc, I-00133 Roma, Italy ; [email protected]; INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma , Via Frascati 33, I-00078 Monte Porzio Catone (RM), Italy
- Ioannis Liodakis
- ORCiD
- Finnish Centre for Astronomy with ESO, FI-20014 University of Turku , Finland
- Matteo Perri
- ORCiD
- Space Science Data Center , Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Via del Politecnico snc, I-00133 Roma, Italy ; [email protected]; INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma , Via Frascati 33, I-00078 Monte Porzio Catone (RM), Italy
- Simonetta Puccetti
- ORCiD
- Space Science Data Center , Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Via del Politecnico snc, I-00133 Roma, Italy ; [email protected]
- Elisabetta Cavazzuti
- ORCiD
- ASI—Agenzia Spaziale Italiana , Via del Politecnico snc, I-00133 Roma, Italy
- Laura Di Gesu
- ASI—Agenzia Spaziale Italiana , Via del Politecnico snc, I-00133 Roma, Italy
- Steven R. Ehlert
- ORCiD
- NASA Marshall Space Flight Center , Huntsville, AL 35812, USA
- Grzegorz Madejski
- Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University , Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Alan P. Marscher
- ORCiD
- Institute for Astrophysical Research, Boston University , 725 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Herman L. Marshall
- ORCiD
- MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research , Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Fabio Muleri
- ORCiD
- INAF Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali , Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Roma, Italy
- Michela Negro
- ORCiD
- University of Maryland , Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA; Center for Research and Exploration in Space Science and Technology, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- Svetlana G. Jorstad
- ORCiD
- Institute for Astrophysical Research, Boston University , 725 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Astronomical Institute, St. Petersburg State University , 28 Universitetsky prospekt, Peterhof, St. Petersburg, 198504, Russia
- Beatriz Agís-González
- ORCiD
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC , Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, E-18008, Granada, Spain
- Iván Agudo
- ORCiD
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC , Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, E-18008, Granada, Spain
- Giacomo Bonnoli
- ORCiD
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC , Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, E-18008, Granada, Spain; INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera, Via E. Bianchi 46 , I-23807 Merate (LC), Italy
- Maria I. Bernardos
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC , Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, E-18008, Granada, Spain
- Víctor Casanova
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC , Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, E-18008, Granada, Spain
- Maya García-Comas
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC , Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, E-18008, Granada, Spain
- César Husillos
- ORCiD
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC , Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, E-18008, Granada, Spain
- Alessandro Marchini
- ORCiD
- Astronomical Observatory, Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena , Via Roma 56, I-53100 Siena, Italy
- Alfredo Sota
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC , Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, E-18008, Granada, Spain
- Pouya M. Kouch
- ORCiD
- Finnish Centre for Astronomy with ESO, FI-20014 University of Turku , Finland; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014 , Finland
- Elina Lindfors
- Finnish Centre for Astronomy with ESO, FI-20014 University of Turku , Finland
- George A. Borman
- Crimean Astrophysical Observatory RAS , P/O Nauchny, 298409, Crimea†
- Evgenia N. Kopatskaya
- ORCiD
- Astronomical Institute, St. Petersburg State University , 28 Universitetsky prospekt, Peterhof, St. Petersburg, 198504, Russia
- Elena G. Larionova
- ORCiD
- Astronomical Institute, St. Petersburg State University , 28 Universitetsky prospekt, Peterhof, St. Petersburg, 198504, Russia
- Daria A. Morozova
- Astronomical Institute, St. Petersburg State University , 28 Universitetsky prospekt, Peterhof, St. Petersburg, 198504, Russia
- Sergey S. Savchenko
- ORCiD
- Astronomical Institute, St. Petersburg State University , 28 Universitetsky prospekt, Peterhof, St. Petersburg, 198504, Russia; Special Astrophysical Observatory, Russian Academy of Sciences , 369167, Nizhnii Arkhyz, Russia; Pulkovo Observatory , St.Petersburg, 196140, Russia
- Andrey A. Vasilyev
- ORCiD
- Astronomical Institute, St. Petersburg State University , 28 Universitetsky prospekt, Peterhof, St. Petersburg, 198504, Russia
- Alexey V. Zhovtan
- Crimean Astrophysical Observatory RAS , P/O Nauchny, 298409, Crimea†
- Carolina Casadio
- ORCiD
- Institute of Astrophysics , Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, GR-71110 Heraklion, Greece; Department of Physics, University of Crete , GR-70013, Heraklion, Greece
- Juan Escudero
- ORCiD
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC , Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, E-18008, Granada, Spain
- Ioannis Myserlis
- ORCiD
- Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique , Avenida Divina Pastora, 7, Local 20, E-18012 Granada, Spain
- Antonio Hales
- Joint ALMA Observatory , Alonso de Cordova 3107, Vitacura 763-0355, Santiago de Chile, Chile; National Radio Astronomy Observatory , 520 Edgemont Road, Charlottesville, VA 22903-2475, USA
- Seiji Kameno
- ORCiD
- Joint ALMA Observatory , Alonso de Cordova 3107 Vitacura, Santiago 763-0355, Chile; NAOJ Chile Observatory , Alonso de Cordova 3788, Oficina 61B, Vitacura, Santiago, Chile
- Ruediger Kneissl
- ORCiD
- European Southern Observatory , ESO Vitacura, Alonso de Cordova 3107, Vitacura, Casilla, 19001 Santiago, Chile; Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array , ALMA Santiago Central Offices, Alonso de Cordova 3107, Vitacura, Casilla, 763-0355 Santiago, Chile
- Hugo Messias
- Joint ALMA Observatory , Alonso de Cordova 3107, Vitacura 763-0355, Santiago de Chile, Chile
- Hiroshi Nagai
- ORCiD
- National Astronomical Observatory of Japan , 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan; Department of Astronomical Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI) , 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan
- Dmitry Blinov
- ORCiD
- Institute of Astrophysics , Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, GR-71110 Heraklion, Greece
- Ioakeim G. Bourbah
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, University of Crete , GR-70013, Heraklion, Greece
- Sebastian Kiehlmann
- ORCiD
- Institute of Astrophysics , Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, GR-71110 Heraklion, Greece; Department of Physics, University of Crete , GR-70013, Heraklion, Greece
- Evangelos Kontopodis
- Department of Physics, University of Crete , GR-70013, Heraklion, Greece
- Nikos Mandarakas
- ORCiD
- Institute of Astrophysics , Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, GR-71110 Heraklion, Greece; Department of Physics, University of Crete , GR-70013, Heraklion, Greece
- Stylianos Romanopoulos
- ORCiD
- Institute of Astrophysics , Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, GR-71110 Heraklion, Greece; Department of Physics, University of Crete , GR-70013, Heraklion, Greece
- Raphael Skalidis
- ORCiD
- Institute of Astrophysics , Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, GR-71110 Heraklion, Greece; Department of Physics, University of Crete , GR-70013, Heraklion, Greece
- Anna Vervelaki
- Department of Physics, University of Crete , GR-70013, Heraklion, Greece
- Joseph R. Masiero
- ORCiD
- Caltech/IPAC, 1200 East California Boulevard , MC 100-22, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Dimitri Mawet
- ORCiD
- California Institute of Technology , MC 249-17, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
- Maxwell A. Millar-Blanchaer
- ORCiD
- Department of physics, University of California , Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
- Georgia V. Panopoulou
- ORCiD
- California Institute of Technology , MC 350-17, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
- Samaporn Tinyanont
- ORCiD
- University of California Santa Cruz , 1156 High Street, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA
- Andrei V. Berdyugin
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014 , Finland
- Masato Kagitani
- Graduate School of Sciences, Tohoku University , Aoba-ku, 980-8578 Sendai, Japan
- Vadim Kravtsov
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014 , Finland
- Takeshi Sakanoi
- Graduate School of Sciences, Tohoku University , Aoba-ku, 980-8578 Sendai, Japan
- Ryo Imazawa
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University Kagamiyama , 1-3-1 Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- Mahito Sasada
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology , 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
- Yasushi Fukazawa
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University Kagamiyama , 1-3-1 Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan; Hiroshima Astrophysical Science Center, Hiroshima University 1-3-1 Kagamiyama , Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan; Core Research for Energetic Universe (Core-U), Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama , Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- Koji S. Kawabata
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University Kagamiyama , 1-3-1 Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan; Hiroshima Astrophysical Science Center, Hiroshima University 1-3-1 Kagamiyama , Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan; Core Research for Energetic Universe (Core-U), Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama , Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- Makoto Uemura
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University Kagamiyama , 1-3-1 Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan; Hiroshima Astrophysical Science Center, Hiroshima University 1-3-1 Kagamiyama , Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan; Core Research for Energetic Universe (Core-U), Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama , Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- Tsunefumi Mizuno
- ORCiD
- Hiroshima Astrophysical Science Center, Hiroshima University 1-3-1 Kagamiyama , Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- Tatsuya Nakaoka
- Hiroshima Astrophysical Science Center, Hiroshima University 1-3-1 Kagamiyama , Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- Hiroshi Akitaya
- ORCiD
- Planetary Exploration Research Center , Chiba Institute of Technology 2-17-1 Tsudanuma, Narashino, Chiba 275-0016, Japan
- Mark Gurwell
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics — Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
- Ramprasad Rao
- Center for Astrophysics — Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
- Niccoló Di Lalla
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University , Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Nicoló Cibrario
- ORCiD
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitá degli Studi di Torino , Via Pietro Giuria 1, I-10125 Torino, Italy
- Immacolata Donnarumma
- ORCiD
- ASI—Agenzia Spaziale Italiana , Via del Politecnico snc, I-00133 Roma, Italy
- Dawoon E. Kim
- ORCiD
- INAF Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali , Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Roma, Italy; Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Roma “La Sapienza,” Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy; Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Roma “Tor Vergata,” Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Roma, Italy
- Nicola Omodei
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University , Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Luigi Pacciani
- ORCiD
- INAF Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali , Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Roma, Italy
- Juri Poutanen
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014 , Finland; Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences , Profsoyuznaya Str. 84/32, Moscow 117997, Russia
- Fabrizio Tavecchio
- ORCiD
- INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera, Via E. Bianchi 46 , I-23807 Merate (LC), Italy
- Lucio A. Antonelli
- ORCiD
- Space Science Data Center , Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Via del Politecnico snc, I-00133 Roma, Italy ; [email protected]; INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma , Via Frascati 33, I-00078 Monte Porzio Catone (RM), Italy
- Matteo Bachetti
- ORCiD
- INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari , Via della Scienza 5, I-09047 Selargius (CA), Italy
- Luca Baldini
- ORCiD
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare , Sezione di Pisa, Largo B. Pontecorvo 3, I-56127 Pisa, Italy; Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, Largo B. Pontecorvo 3, I-56127 Pisa , Italy
- Wayne H. Baumgartner
- ORCiD
- NASA Marshall Space Flight Center , Huntsville, AL 35812, USA
- Ronaldo Bellazzini
- ORCiD
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare , Sezione di Pisa, Largo B. Pontecorvo 3, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Stefano Bianchi
- ORCiD
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, Università degli Studi Roma Tre , Via della Vasca Navale 84, I-00146 Roma, Italy
- Stephen D. Bongiorno
- ORCiD
- NASA Marshall Space Flight Center , Huntsville, AL 35812, USA
- Raffaella Bonino
- ORCiD
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare , Sezione di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 1, I-10125 Torino, Italy; Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Torino , Via Pietro Giuria 1, I-10125 Torino, Italy
- Alessandro Brez
- ORCiD
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare , Sezione di Pisa, Largo B. Pontecorvo 3, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Niccoló Bucciantini
- ORCiD
- INAF Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri , Largo Enrico Fermi 5, I-50125 Firenze, Italy; Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università degli Studi di Firenze , Via Sansone 1, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare , Sezione di Firenze, Via Sansone 1, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
- Fiamma Capitanio
- ORCiD
- INAF Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali , Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Roma, Italy
- Simone Castellano
- ORCiD
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare , Sezione di Pisa, Largo B. Pontecorvo 3, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Stefano Ciprini
- ORCiD
- Space Science Data Center , Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Via del Politecnico snc, I-00133 Roma, Italy ; [email protected]; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare , Sezione di Roma “Tor Vergata”, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, I-00133 Roma, Italy
- Enrico Costa
- ORCiD
- INAF Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali , Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Roma, Italy
- Alessandra De Rosa
- ORCiD
- INAF Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali , Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Roma, Italy
- Ettore Del Monte
- ORCiD
- INAF Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali , Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Roma, Italy
- Alessandro Di Marco
- ORCiD
- INAF Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali , Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Roma, Italy
- Victor Doroshenko
- ORCiD
- Institut für Astronomie und Astrophysik, Universität Tübingen , Sand 1, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Michal Dovčiak
- ORCiD
- Astronomical Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Boční II 1401/1, 14100 Praha 4, Czech Republic
- Teruaki Enoto
- ORCiD
- RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research , 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Yuri Evangelista
- ORCiD
- INAF Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali , Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Roma, Italy
- Sergio Fabiani
- ORCiD
- INAF Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali , Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Roma, Italy
- Riccardo Ferrazzoli
- ORCiD
- INAF Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali , Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Roma, Italy
- Javier A. Garcia
- ORCiD
- California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Shuichi Gunji
- ORCiD
- Yamagata University ,1-4-12 Kojirakawa-machi, Yamagata-shi 990-8560, Japan
- Kiyoshi Hayashida
- Osaka University , 1-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Jeremy Heyl
- ORCiD
- University of British Columbia , Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Wataru Iwakiri
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga , Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan
- Vladimir Karas
- ORCiD
- Astronomical Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Boční II 1401/1, 14100 Praha 4, Czech Republic
- Takao Kitaguchi
- RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research , 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Jeffery J. Kolodziejczak
- ORCiD
- NASA Marshall Space Flight Center , Huntsville, AL 35812, USA
- Henric Krawczynski
- ORCiD
- Physics Department and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis , St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
- Fabio La Monaca
- ORCiD
- INAF Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali , Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Roma, Italy
- Luca Latronico
- ORCiD
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare , Sezione di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 1, I-10125 Torino, Italy
- Simone Maldera
- ORCiD
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare , Sezione di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 1, I-10125 Torino, Italy
- Alberto Manfreda
- ORCiD
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare , Sezione di Pisa, Largo B. Pontecorvo 3, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Frédéric Marin
- ORCiD
- Université de Strasbourg , CNRS, Observatoire Astronomique de Strasbourg, UMR 7550, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
- Andrea Marinucci
- ORCiD
- ASI—Agenzia Spaziale Italiana , Via del Politecnico snc, I-00133 Roma, Italy
- Francesco Massaro
- ORCiD
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare , Sezione di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 1, I-10125 Torino, Italy; Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Torino , Via Pietro Giuria 1, I-10125 Torino, Italy
- Giorgio Matt
- ORCiD
- Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica, Università degli Studi Roma Tre , Via della Vasca Navale 84, I-00146 Roma, Italy
- Ikuyuki Mitsuishi
- Graduate School of Science, Division of Particle and Astrophysical Science, Nagoya University , Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan
- C.-Y. Ng
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam, Hong Kong
- Stephen L. O’Dell
- ORCiD
- NASA Marshall Space Flight Center , Huntsville, AL 35812, USA
- Chiara Oppedisano
- ORCiD
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare , Sezione di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 1, I-10125 Torino, Italy
- Alessandro Papitto
- ORCiD
- INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma , Via Frascati 33, I-00078 Monte Porzio Catone (RM), Italy
- George G. Pavlov
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Abel L. Peirson
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University , Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Melissa Pesce-Rollins
- ORCiD
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare , Sezione di Pisa, Largo B. Pontecorvo 3, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Pierre-Olivier Petrucci
- ORCiD
- Université Grenoble Alpes , CNRS, IPAG, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- Maura Pilia
- ORCiD
- INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari , Via della Scienza 5, I-09047 Selargius (CA), Italy
- Andrea Possenti
- ORCiD
- INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari , Via della Scienza 5, I-09047 Selargius (CA), Italy
- Brian D. Ramsey
- NASA Marshall Space Flight Center , Huntsville, AL 35812, USA
- John Rankin
- ORCiD
- INAF Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali , Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Roma, Italy
- Ajay Ratheesh
- ORCiD
- INAF Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali , Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Roma, Italy
- Roger W. Romani
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Stanford University , Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Carmelo Sgró
- ORCiD
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare , Sezione di Pisa, Largo B. Pontecorvo 3, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Patrick Slane
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics — Harvard & Smithsonian, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Paolo Soffitta
- ORCiD
- INAF Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali , Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Roma, Italy
- Gloria Spandre
- ORCiD
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare , Sezione di Pisa, Largo B. Pontecorvo 3, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Toru Tamagawa
- ORCiD
- RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research , 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Roberto Taverna
- ORCiD
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università degli Studi di Padova , Via Marzolo 8, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- Yuzuru Tawara
- Graduate School of Science, Division of Particle and Astrophysical Science, Nagoya University , Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan
- Allyn F. Tennant
- ORCiD
- NASA Marshall Space Flight Center , Huntsville, AL 35812, USA
- Nicholas E. Thomas
- ORCiD
- NASA Marshall Space Flight Center , Huntsville, AL 35812, USA
- Francesco Tombesi
- ORCiD
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Roma “Tor Vergata,” Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Roma, Italy; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare , Sezione di Roma “Tor Vergata”, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, I-00133 Roma, Italy; Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park , Maryland 20742, USA
- Alessio Trois
- ORCiD
- INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari , Via della Scienza 5, I-09047 Selargius (CA), Italy
- Sergey Tsygankov
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, FI-20014 , Finland; Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences , Profsoyuznaya Str. 84/32, Moscow 117997, Russia
- Roberto Turolla
- ORCiD
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università degli Studi di Padova , Via Marzolo 8, I-35131 Padova, Italy; Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London , Holmbury St Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UK
- Jacco Vink
- ORCiD
- Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy & GRAPPA, University of Amsterdam , Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Martin C. Weisskopf
- ORCiD
- NASA Marshall Space Flight Center , Huntsville, AL 35812, USA
- Kinwah Wu
- ORCiD
- Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London , Holmbury St Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UK
- Fei Xie
- ORCiD
- INAF Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali , Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Roma, Italy; Guangxi Key Laboratory for Relativistic Astrophysics, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University , Nanning 530004, People’s Republic of China
- Silvia Zane
- ORCiD
- Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London , Holmbury St Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT, UK
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aca281
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 942,
no. 1
p. L10
Abstract
Blazars are a class of jet-dominated active galactic nuclei with a typical double-humped spectral energy distribution. It is of common consensus that the synchrotron emission is responsible for the low frequency peak, while the origin of the high frequency hump is still debated. The analysis of X-rays and their polarization can provide a valuable tool to understand the physical mechanisms responsible for the origin of high-energy emission of blazars. We report the first observations of BL Lacertae (BL Lac) performed with the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer, from which an upper limit to the polarization degree Π _X < 12.6% was found in the 2–8 keV band. We contemporaneously measured the polarization in radio, infrared, and optical wavelengths. Our multiwavelength polarization analysis disfavors a significant contribution of proton-synchrotron radiation to the X-ray emission at these epochs. Instead, it supports a leptonic origin for the X-ray emission in BL Lac.
Keywords
