Associations and Rhetorical Figures

Abstract

Abstract Rhetorical figures have been the focus of rhetoricians' attention since the ancient era they have also classified these figures differently. Even before division of rhetorical devices into three branches of meaning, expression and rhetoric, this attention has been prevalent. Among others Ibn-e Motaz, Qodamat, Ibn-e Rashiq and Ibn-e Sanam Khafaji did some studies in this area. After differentiating Sciences of Rhetoric from one another, in the 7th century, Sakaki divided rhetorical figures into figures of speech and figures of thought. In the contemporary era, there are other classifications which are based on the past ones, except for some additional points which is the outcome of recent linguistic discoveries. Modern poetry, and the figures of speech employed in it, has drawn our attention to another classification that is the division of figures of speech on the basis of their associations (similarity, contiguity, and opposition). After studying the historical classifications, this article attempts to classify the figures of speech on the basis of various classifications of associations.

Keywords

• Rhetoric
• Modern poetry
• Associations
• Classification