Psychological consequences of multiple sclerosis and assistance possibilities

Abstract

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory and demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system. It is a chronic, unpredictable and pleomorphic disease, with a variety of symptoms and diverse course, which changes the life of the patient, their family and relatives. Therefore, the analysis of the nature and individuality of psychological issues in MS has become an important aspect for health professionals. Psychological consequences may occur before, during, or after the diagnosis. The adaptation process, mental changes observed in patients and how they live their lives with a chronic disease are very individual in character. The disease and its sequelae are so stressful that they cause dramatic changes which are contrary to the previous development, to the image of self. The quality of life in MS patients is conditioned not only in physical but also in psychological terms; thus there is a necessity to seek treatment, support, and specialist rehabilitation of patients in relation to psychological help. The full rehabilitation program should represent a holistic approach to the patient and include physical, cognitive, emotional, personal, and social aspects.

Keywords

• multiple sclerosis
• psychological consequences
• chronic disease
• image of self
• psychological help