Distribution and demographic parameters of the Peregrine falcon Falco peregrinus L., 1756 in Gipuzkoa

Abstract

Gathering information on the distribution and population size is crucial in order to develop precise conservation actions, especially in threatened species or those of special concern. The aim of the present article is to update the population status and the breeding parameters of the Peregrine falcon Falco peregrinus L., 1756 in Gipuzkoa. We also used data obtained from previous studies in order to estimate population trends in the region (2000-2017). In 2017, 35 territories were detected. During the period from 1990 to 2000, the mean breeding population size increased 79.4%, but from 2000 to 2017, the increase was just 3.2%. However, the latter increase was not statistically significant. Therefore, it can be concluded that the population has remained stable for the last two decades. The Peregrine falcon is well distributed in Gipuzkoa, except for the central-eastern part of the region. The nests were found on inland cliffs (48.6%), marine cliffs (25.7%), quarries (22.9%) and buildings (2.9%). The breeding parameters in 2017 (productivity: 1.72 ± 1.36 offspring/breeding pair, n = 35; flight rate: 2.50 ± 0.83 offspring/nest, n = 24; breeding success, 92%) did not differ significantly from previous years within the region. In conclusion, the peregrine falcon population in Gipuzkoa has remained constant during the last two decades (from 2000 to 2010, and up to 2017), with one of the highest breeding densities in Spain. Breeding parameters are also high and, overall, the conservation status of the population is apparently good in Gipuzkoa.

Keywords

• Animal conservation
• population dynamics
• raptors