Prevalence rate and influencing factors of sleep insufficiency in medical students with migraine

Abstract

ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence rate and influencing factors of sleep insufficiency in medical students with migraine， and to provide a reference for alleviating the sleep problems in medical students.MethodsFrom July 2018 to July 2019， a random cluster sampling method was implemented to choose 546 medical students who met the diagnostic criteria of the International Classification of Headache Disorders， third edition （ICHD-3） for migraine in North Sichuan Medical College. Students were divided into sleep sufficiency group （n=367） and sleep insufficiency group （n=179） based on whether the nightly sleep duration was more than 6 hours. General demographic and clinical data of medical students were collected. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index （PSQI） was used to assess the sleep quality. Hamilton Anxiety Scale （HAMA） and Hamilton Depression Scale-24 item （HAMD-24） were used to evaluate the anxiety and depression states. Visual Analogue Scale （VAS） was adopted to assess the pain degree， and the 6-item Headache Impact Test Questionnaire （HIT-6） was applied to evaluate the impact of headache on daily life. Then Logistic regression analysis was conducted to screen the influencing factors of sleep insufficiency in medical students with migraine.ResultsAmong 546 medical students with migraine， 179（32.78%） had sleep insufficiency. There were significant differences in age （t=2.107）， frequency of headache attacks （Z=-2.972）， anxiety status （χ²=14.053）， depression status （χ²=10.773）， total score of PSQI （t=-13.247） and sleep quality （χ²=94.754） between sleep sufficiency group and sleep insufficiency group （P<0.05 or 0.01）. Correlation analysis showed that sleep duration in migraine patients was negatively correlated with age （r=-0.100， P<0.01）， and positively correlated with frequency of headache attacks， anxiety status， and depression status （r=0.135， 0.169， 0.139， P<0.01）. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis denoted that age （OR=0.860， 95% CI： 0.743~0.996， P=0.045）， frequency of headache attacks （OR=1.051， 95% CI： 1.006~1.098， P=0.026） and depression status （OR=1.712， 95% CI： 1.024~2.861， P=0.040） were influencing factors of sleep insufficiency in medical students with migraine.ConclusionMedical students with migraine suffer a high prevalence rate of sleep insufficiency， moreover， the frequency of headache attack and depression status are risk factors， and age is a protective factor for sleep insufficiency in medical students with migraine.

Keywords

• migraine
• sleep
• medical students
• anxiety
• depression