Potential of Electric Bus as a Carbon Mitigation Strategies and Energy Modelling: A Review

Abstract

The transportation sector is one of the main contributors to greenhouse gases. One of the mitigation strategies is to introduce electric buses for public transport. The study has summarized the current status and prospect of different countries in electric buses. Electric buses are proven to reduce carbon emission in life cycle analysis with proper implementation and successfully mitigate carbon emission in urban areas. However, the battery technology is still not mature due to low energy storage compared to conventional vehicles. The state of charge for batteries is vital for low energy storage and limited access to the energy source. A review of energy consumption modeling for electric buses is carried out in this study. Energy consumption rate will vary due to several uncertainties such as traffic congestion, driver behavior, passenger load, weather and topographic condition of the road. Electric bus modeling should be carried out to differentiate electric buses as every electric bus operates under different parameters and conditions.