Global Pediatric Health (Nov 2024)

Prevalence of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Among Children Under 5 Years of Age in Sub-Saharan Africa

  • Habtamu Mitiku MSc,
  • Tewodros Tesfa MSc,
  • Mekuria Edae MSc,
  • Nega Assefa PhD

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1177/2333794x241298803
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 11

Abstract

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Background . Pneumonia and bronchiolitis are common childhood illnesses caused by the respiratory syncytial virus. A systematic analysis of published epidemiological data in sub-Saharan African children under the age of 5 was conducted. Methods . To retrieve literature, electronic databases, indexing services, and directories such as PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, EMBASE (Elsevier), Google Scholar, and Worldcat were utilized. Data from the included studies were extracted after screening and eligibility evaluation. Results . The pooled prevalence rate of respiratory syncytial virus was 21% (95% CI: 17, 25). Subgroup analysis based on participants’ ages showed that, prevalence was highest in children <6 months (32%). High prevalence was also found in children who were hospitalized (27%), children co-infected with HIV (28%), and children co-infected with bacteria respiratory pathogens (22%). Conclusion . The prevalence of respiratory syncytial virus infection was high in children in sub-Saharan African countries. Therefore, it should be prioritized as a major health problem.