The Applicability of Refugee Conventions to Climate Refugees

Abstract

Climate change has increasingly led to the displacement of populations, creating a new category of migrants often referred to as "climate refugees." This paper explores the effectiveness and applicability of existing refugee conventions, particularly the 1951 Refugee Convention and its Protocol, in addressing the unique challenges faced by climate refugees. It argues that while these conventions were designed primarily for those fleeing persecution, the principles of protection may be extended to individuals displaced by environmental factors. The analysis includes a review of international legal frameworks, case studies of climate-induced displacement, and recommendations for policy reforms that enhance protection for climate refugees within the existing legal structures.

Keywords

• climate refugees
• refugee convention
• international legal framework