Grapevine Shoot Tip Cryopreservation and Cryotherapy: Secure Storage of Disease-Free Plants
Jean Carlos Bettoni,
Zvjezdana Marković,
Wenlu Bi,
Gayle M. Volk,
Toshikazu Matsumoto,
Qiao-Chun Wang
Affiliations
Jean Carlos Bettoni
The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Batchelar Road, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand
Zvjezdana Marković
Department of Viticulture and Enology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetišimunska Cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
Wenlu Bi
Department of Plant Agriculture, Gosling Research Institute for Plant Preservation, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
Gayle M. Volk
USDA-ARS National Laboratory for Genetic Resources Preservation, 1111 S. Mason Street, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA
Toshikazu Matsumoto
Department of Agricultural and Forest Sciences, Faculty of Life and Environmental Science, Shimane University, 1060 Nishi-Kawatsucho, Matsue 690-8504, Japan
Qiao-Chun Wang
State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Region, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling District, Shaanxi 712100, China
Grapevine (Vitis spp.) is one of the most economically important temperate fruit crops. Grapevine breeding programs require access to high-quality Vitis cultivars and wild species, which may be maintained within genebanks. Shoot tip cryopreservation is a valuable technique for the safe, long-term conservation of Vitis genetic resources that complements traditional field and in vitro germplasm collections. Vitis is highly susceptible to virus infections. Virus-free plants are required as propagation material for clonally propagated germplasm, and also for the global exchange of grapevine genetic resources. Shoot tip cryotherapy, a method based on cryopreservation, has proven to be effective in eradicating viruses from infected plants, including grapevine. This comprehensive review outlines/documents the advances in Vitis shoot tip cryopreservation and cryotherapy that have resulted in healthy plants with high regrowth levels across diverse Vitis species.
